Facial reconstruction

Search LJMU Research Online

Browse Repository | Browse E-Theses

Basic science behind the cardiovascular benefits of exercise

Wilson, MG, Ellison, GM and Cable, NT (2015) Basic science behind the cardiovascular benefits of exercise. HEART, 101 (10). ISSN 1355-6037

[img]
Preview
Text
Wison, Ellison, Cable 2015[2].pdf - Accepted Version

Download (467kB) | Preview

Abstract

Cardiorespiratory fitness is a strong predictor of cardiovascular (CV) disease and all-cause mortality, with increases in cardiorespiratory fitness associated with corresponding decreases in CV disease risk. The effects of exercise upon the myocardium and vascular system are dependent upon the frequency, intensity and duration of the exercise itself. Following a prolonged period (≥6 months) of regular intensive exercise in previously untrained individuals, resting and submaximal exercising heart rates are typically 5–20 beats lower, with an increase in stroke volume of ∼20% and enhanced myocardial contractility. Structurally, all four heart chambers increase in volume with mild increases in wall thickness, resulting in greater cardiac mass due to increased myocardial cell size. With this in mind, the present paper aims to review the basic science behind the CV benefits of exercise. Attention will be paid to understanding (1) the relationship between exercise and cardiac remodelling; (2) the cardiac cellular and molecular adaptations in response to exercise, including the examination of molecular mechanisms of physiological cardiac growth and applying these mechanisms to identify new therapeutic targets to prevent or reverse pathological remodelling and heart failure; and (3) vascular adaptations in response to exercise. Finally, this review will briefly examine how to optimise the CV benefits of exercise by considering how much and how intense exercise should be.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: 1102 Cardiovascular Medicine And Haematology
Subjects: R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC1200 Sports Medicine
Divisions: Sport & Exercise Sciences
Publisher: BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP
Related URLs:
Date Deposited: 09 Mar 2016 14:59
Last Modified: 04 Sep 2021 13:15
DOI or ID number: 10.1136/heartjnl-2014-306596
URI: https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/3133
View Item View Item