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From rhetoric to reality: A multilevel analysis of gender equality in Pakistani organisations

Ali, F and Syed, J (2016) From rhetoric to reality: A multilevel analysis of gender equality in Pakistani organisations. Gender, Work and Organization. ISSN 1468-0432

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Abstract

Despite numerous governmental efforts to improve women’s employment and equality in Pakistan, statistics suggest that these efforts are not completely fruitful. Steps taken by the government are usually in response to pressures by international donors and rights groups. However, there seem to be important contextual and socio-cultural differences at play when it comes to how gender equality is to be achieved in organisational practice. Such differences as well as an apparent lack of genuine commitment at the policy level may explain why there remains a gap between the policy and praxis of gender equality in Pakistan. Informed by structural and relational perspectives of gender, this paper draws on in depth qualitative interviews with female employees to explore the multilevel issues related to gender equality at the macro-national, meso-organisational and micro-individual levels. In particular, the paper highlights such issues as societal norms of female modesty and gender segregation (macro), sexual harassment, career related challenges and income gap (meso), and family status and agency (micro).

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Ali, F., and Syed, J. (2016) From Rhetoric to Reality: a Multilevel Analysis of Gender Equality in Pakistani Organizations. Gender, Work & Organization, doi: 10.1111/gwao.12160., which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwao.12160. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.
Uncontrolled Keywords: 1503 Business And Management, 1699 Other Studies In Human Society
Subjects: H Social Sciences > H Social Sciences (General)
H Social Sciences > HT Communities. Classes. Races
Divisions: Liverpool Business School
Publisher: Wiley
Date Deposited: 04 Oct 2016 10:38
Last Modified: 04 Sep 2021 12:27
DOI or ID number: 10.1111/gwao.12160
URI: https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/4242
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