Murthy, S, O'Brien, K, Agbor, A, Angedakin, S, Arandjelovic, M, Ayimisin, EA, Bailey, E, Bergl, RA, Brazzola, G, Dieguez, P, Eno-Nku, M, Eshuis, H, Fruth, B, Gillespie, TR, Ginath, Y, Gray, M, Herbinger, I, Jones, S, Kehoe, L, Kuhl, H et al, Kujirakwinja, D, Lee, K, Madinda, NF, Mitamba, G, Muhindo, E, Nishuli, R, Ormsby, LJ, Petrzelkova, KJ, Plumptre, AJ, Robbins, MM, Sommer, V, Ter Heegde, M, Todd, A, Tokunda, R, Wessling, E, Jarvis, MA, Leendertz, FH, Ehlers, B and Calvignac-Spencer, S (2019) Cytomegalovirus distribution and evolution in hominines. Virus Evolution, 5 (2). ISSN 2057-1577

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Abstract

Herpesviruses are thought to have evolved in very close association with their hosts. This is notably the case for cytomegaloviruses (CMVs; genus Cytomegalovirus) infecting primates, which exhibit a strong signal of co-divergence with their hosts. Some herpesviruses are however known to have crossed species barriers. Based on a limited sampling of CMV diversity in the hominine (African great ape and human) lineage, we hypothesized that chimpanzees and gorillas might have mutually exchanged CMVs in the past. Here, we performed a comprehensive molecular screening of all 9 African great ape species/ subspecies, using 675 fecal samples collected from wild animals. We identified CMVs in eight species/subspecies, notably generating the first CMV sequences from bonobos. We used this extended dataset to test competing hypotheses with various degrees of co-divergence/number of host switches while simultaneously estimating the dates of these events in a Bayesian framework. The model best supported by the data involved the transmission of a gorilla CMV to the panine (chimpanzee and bonobo) lineage and the transmission of a panine CMV to the gorilla lineage prior to the divergence of chimpanzees and bonobos, more than 800,000 years ago. Panine CMVs then co-diverged with their hosts. These results add to a growing body of evidence suggesting that viruses with a double-stranded DNA genome (including other herpesviruses, adenoviruses, and papillomaviruses) often jumped between hominine lineages over the last few million years.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Science & Technology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; Virology; cytomegalovirus; hominine; host switch; codivergence; dsDNA virus; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; B-VIRUS; TRANSMISSION; IDENTIFICATION; REPLICATION; PHYLOGENIES; INFECTION; SELECTION; ACCURACY; ORIGINS
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology Q Science > QH Natural history > QH426 Genetics Q Science > QL Zoology Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR355 Virology
Divisions:	Biological & Environmental Sciences (from Sep 19)
Publisher:	Oxford University Press (OUP)
Related URLs:	Author
Date Deposited:	23 Jan 2020 11:17
Last Modified:	04 Sep 2021 08:07
DOI or ID number:	10.1093/ve/vez015
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/12040

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