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Slack, L, Maynard, I, Butt, J and Olusoga, P (2015) An evaluation of a mental toughness education and training program for early-career English football league referees. Sport Psychologist, 29 (3). pp. 237-257. ISSN 1543-2793
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Abstract
The present study evaluated the effectiveness of a Mental Toughness Education and Training Program (MTETP) in elite football officiating. The MTETP consisted of four individual and two group-based workshops designed to develop Mental Toughness (MT) and enhance performance in three English Football League (EFL) referees. Adopting a single-subject, multiple-baseline-across-participants design, MT and referee-assessor reports were evaluated. Self and coach-ratings of MT highlighted an instant and continued improvement in all three referees during the intervention phases. Performance reports of all referees improved throughout the intervention phases compared to the baseline phase. Social validation data indicated that an array of strategies within the MTETP facilitated MT development. Discussions acknowledge theoretical and practical implications relating to the continued progression of MT interventions in elite sport.
| Item Type: | Article |
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| Additional Information: | Accepted author manuscript version reprinted, by permission, from Sport Psychologist, 2015, 29(3): 237-257, https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.2014-0015. © Human Kinetics, Inc. |
| Subjects: | G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GV Recreation Leisure > GV561 Sports > GV711 Coaching G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GV Recreation Leisure > GV561 Sports |
| Divisions: | Sport & Exercise Sciences |
| Publisher: | Human Kinetics |
| Date Deposited: | 15 Jun 2020 15:29 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Sep 2021 07:10 |
| DOI or ID number: | 10.1123/tsp.2014-0015 |
| URI: | https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/13109 |
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