Effect of breaking up sitting with regular active breaks on glucose management and vascular function in adults with type 1 diabetes who use hybrid closed-loop insulin delivery systems: a randomised crossover trial protocol

Jenkins, JG, Cocks, M ORCID: 0000-0003-1671-8714, Lucas, SJE, Rendeiro, C, Pecanha, T, Maxwell, J, Tennant, JH, Philpot, G, Narendran, P, Andrews, R, Scott, SN and Hesketh, K (2026) Effect of breaking up sitting with regular active breaks on glucose management and vascular function in adults with type 1 diabetes who use hybrid closed-loop insulin delivery systems: a randomised crossover trial protocol. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 12 (2). ISSN 2055-7647

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Abstract

Sedentary behaviour is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Recent research has found that interrupting prolonged sitting with low-intensity activity acutely improves glycaemic management in people with T1D who use multiple daily insulin injections or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. However, the acute glycaemic effects of breaking up sitting with low-intensity walking on people with T1D using hybrid closed-loop (HCL) insulin systems are yet to be examined. The primary aim of the present study is to investigate the influence of breaking up 7 hours of sitting with 3 min intervals of low-intensity walking every 30 min on glucose management in individuals with T1D who use HCL systems. Adults with T1D (n=24), who use HCL systems, will complete two experimental conditions in this randomised cross-over trial. One condition will require sitting uninterrupted for 7 hours (Sedentary), while the other will require breaking up 7 hours of sitting with 3 min of low-intensity walking every 30 min (Active Breaks). During both conditions, interstitial glucose concentrations (via CGM) and insulin administration (via HCL) will be recorded throughout. In addition, peripheral vascular function (via flow-mediated dilation) and cerebral vascular function (via CO 2 reactivity) will be measured at baseline and post. Data will be analysed using paired t-tests and analyses of variance. The trial has been approved in the UK by the London City and East Research Ethics Committee (25/PR/0098). The findings from the study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and presentations at national and international scientific conferences. Trial registration number: ISRCTN56375691.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Sedentary; Glucose; Cardiovascular; Diabetes; Cardiovascular; Diabetes; Glucose; Sedentary; 4206 Public Health; 32 Biomedical and Clinical Sciences; 3202 Clinical Sciences; 42 Health Sciences; Autoimmune Disease; Diabetes; Cardiovascular; Clinical Research; Prevention; Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities; Pediatric Research Initiative; 6.1 Pharmaceuticals; 3.1 Primary prevention interventions to modify behaviours or promote wellbeing; Metabolic and endocrine; 1106 Human Movement and Sports Sciences; 3202 Clinical sciences; 4207 Sports science and exercise
Subjects:	R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC1200 Sports Medicine R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica
Divisions:	Sport and Exercise Sciences
Publisher:	BMJ Group Ltd
Date of acceptance:	31 March 2026
Date of first compliant Open Access:	27 May 2026
Date Deposited:	27 May 2026 14:18
Last Modified:	27 May 2026 14:18
DOI or ID number:	10.1136/bmjsem-2026-003240
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/28672

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