Predicting Temperatures in an Extreme Climatic Environment Using Hybrid Neural Networks: Evaluating Noise Robustness

Alattabi, AW, Zubaidi, SL, Al-Bugharbee, H, Ridha, HM, Abdellatif, M ORCID: 0000-0003-2314-3883 and Hasan, HA (2026) Predicting Temperatures in an Extreme Climatic Environment Using Hybrid Neural Networks: Evaluating Noise Robustness. Civil Engineering Journal, 12 (5). pp. 1978-1997. ISSN 2676-6957

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Abstract

Predicting maximum temperatures is crucial across many fields and industries, including medicine, agriculture, energy, and climate research. Researchers have not treated the prediction of maximum temperatures under severe artificial data disturbance in much detail. So, it has not yet been understood. This research aims to integrate an artificial neural network (ANN) with the Guaranteed Convergence Arithmetic Operation Algorithm (GCAOA) to forecast monthly maximum temperatures while ensuring robustness to noise. Univariate data from Al-Hai City over 12 years were employed to build and assess the model. The performance of GCAOA was examined and compared with that of the two hybrid ANNs, the random forest, and the XGBoost models. Across various input scenarios, the results reveal that these three hybrid models achieved very good forecast performance compared with random forests and XGBoost. The GCAOA-ANN (swarm size of 20 and lag2) achieves the best forecast performance among the hybrid algorithms across different statistical fitness measures with a coefficient of determination, Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient, and root mean squared error of 0.972, 0.969, and 1.7354°C, respectively. The performance of the hybrid ANN models was further investigated under noise, and the results showed the superiority of the GCAOA-ANN model.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Temperature Forecasting Model; ANN; Metaheuristic Algorithm; SDGs; Noise Robustness; Signal-To-Noise Ratio (SNR); 4005 Civil Engineering; 40 Engineering; Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD); Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence; Bioengineering; 4005 Civil engineering
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Divisions:	Engineering and Built Environment
Publisher:	Salehan Institute of Higher Education
Date of acceptance:	23 April 2026
Date of first compliant Open Access:	2 September 2026
Date Deposited:	02 Sep 2026 14:19
Last Modified:	02 Sep 2026 14:19
DOI or ID number:	10.28991/CEJ-2026-012-05-017
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/29302

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