Erskine, RM, Williams, AG, Jones, DA, Stewart, CE and Degens, H (2014) The individual and combined influence of ACE and ACTN3 genotypes on muscle phenotypes before and after strength training. SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS, 24 (4). pp. 642-648. ISSN 0905-7188

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Abstract

Alternative measures of muscle size, strength, and power to those used in previous studies could help resolve the controversy surrounding associations between polymorphisms of the angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) and α-actinin-3 (ACTN3) genes and skeletal muscle phenotypes, and the responses to resistance training (RT). To this end, we measured quadriceps femoris muscle volume (Vm), physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA), maximum isometric force (Ft), specific force (Ft per unit PCSA), maximum isoinertial strength (1-RM), and maximum power (Wmax; n = 40) before and after 9-week knee extension RT in 51 previously untrained young men, who were genotyped for the ACE I/D and ACTN3 R577X polymorphisms. ACTN3 R-allele carriers had greater Vm, 1-RM, and Wmax than XX homozygotes at baseline (all P < 0.05), but responses to RT were independent of ACTN3 genotype (all P > 0.05). Muscle phenotypes were independent of ACE genotype before (all P > 0.05) and after RT (all P > 0.01). However, people with the “optimal” ACE+ACTN3 genotype combination had greater baseline 1-RM and Wmax compared to those with the “suboptimal” profile (both P < 0.0125). We show for the first time that the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism is associated with human Vm and (independently and in combination with the ACE I/D polymorphism) influences 1-RM and Wmax.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Erskine, R. M., Williams, A. G., Jones, D. A., Stewart, C. E. and Degens, H. (2014), The individual and combined influence of ACE and ACTN3 genotypes on muscle phenotypes before and after strength training. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 24: 642–648, which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/sms.12055 This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	1106 Human Movement And Sports Science
Subjects:	R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC1200 Sports Medicine
Divisions:	Sport & Exercise Sciences
Publisher:	WILEY-BLACKWELL
Related URLs:	Author
Date Deposited:	26 Feb 2016 09:25
Last Modified:	04 Sep 2021 13:22
DOI or Identification number:	10.1111/sms.12055
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/2994

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