Islam, Y, Khalid, A, Pluchino, S, Sivakumaran, M, Teixidò, M, Leach, AG, Fatokun, AA, Downing, J, Coxon, CR and Ehtezazi, T (2020) Development of Brain Targeting Peptide Based MMP-9 Inhibiting Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Brain Diseases with Elevated MMP-9 Activity. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 109 (10). pp. 3134-3144. ISSN 0022-3549

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Abstract

Latent and active levels of cerebral matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) are elevated in neurological diseases and brain injuries, contributing to neurological damage and poor clinical outcomes. This study aimed developing peptide-based nanoparticles with ability to cross the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) and inhibit MMP-9. Three amphiphilic peptides were synthesised containing brain-targeting ligands (HAIYPRH or CKAPETALC) conjugated with MMP-9 inhibiting peptide (CTTHWGFTLC) linked by glycine (spacer) at the N-terminus, and the peptide sequences were conjugated at the N- terminus to cholesterol. 19F NMR assay was developed to measure MMP-9 inhibition. Cell toxicity was evaluated by the LDH assay, and dialysis studies were conducted with/without fetal bovine serum. An in vitro model was employed to evaluate the ability of nanoparticles crossing the BBB. The amphiphilic peptide (Cholesterol-GGGCTTHWGFTLCHAIYPRH) formed nanoparticles (average size of 202.8 nm) with ability to cross the BBB model. MMP-9 inhibiting nanoparticles were non-toxic to cells, and reduced MMP-9 activity from kobs of 4.5 × 10-6s-1 to complete inhibition. Dialysis studies showed that nanoparticles did not disassemble by extreme dilution (40 folds), but gradually hydrolysed by serum enzymes. In conclusion, the MMP-9 inhibiting nanoparticles reduced the activity of MMP-9, with acceptable serum stability, minimal cell toxicity and ability to cross the in vitro BBB model.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	1115 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Subjects:	R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology
Divisions:	Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences
Publisher:	Elsevier
Related URLs:	Author
Date Deposited:	05 Aug 2020 09:56
Last Modified:	04 Sep 2021 06:51
DOI or ID number:	10.1016/j.xphs.2020.06.021
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/13448

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