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Factors associated with hepatitis C and HIV testing uptake among men who inject image and performance enhancing drugs.

Hope, VD, McVeigh, J, Begley, E, Glass, R, Edmundson, C, Heinsbroek, E, Kean, J, Campbell, J, Whitfield, M, Morgan, G, Acreman, D and Smith, J (2020) Factors associated with hepatitis C and HIV testing uptake among men who inject image and performance enhancing drugs. Drug and Alcohol Review. ISSN 1465-3362

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Abstract

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Historically, people who inject image and performance enhancing drugs (IPED) were not perceived as being at high risk of HIV or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, recent studies indicate HCV and HIV prevalences are elevated, with many HCV infections undiagnosed. DESIGN AND METHODS: Men who inject IPEDs recruited from community settings and specialist services, including needle-syringe programs, across UK during 2016 self-completed a questionnaire. Multivariate analyses examined factors associated with HCV/HIV testing. RESULTS: The participants' (n=562; 24% service recruited) median age was 31 years, 4% identified as gay or bisexual, 18% had ever been imprisoned and 6% had ever injected a psychoactive drug. Those community recruited more often reported sharing drugs vials (16% vs. 8%, P=0.021) and, among those with 2+ sexual partners, poor condom use (50% vs. 36%, P=0.063), than those service recruited. Overall, one-third had ever been tested for HCV (31%) and/or HIV (34%). Testing uptake was associated with other risk factors for HCV/HIV, being recruited through services and having received metabolic tests. Participants' motivations for using IPEDs were associated with recruitment setting and HIV/HCV testing uptake. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: The majority were untested for HCV/HIV. HCV/HIV testing and risks were associated with recruitment through services. Previous needle and syringe program-based studies have potentially overestimated testing uptake and underestimated risk. Targeted interventions are needed, particularly for those not accessing services. The association between HCV/HIV testing uptake and receipt of metabolic tests suggests that developing a combined offer of these tests as part of health monitoring could improve uptake.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Hope, V.D., McVeigh, J., Begley, E., Glass, R., Edmundson, C., Heinsbroek, E., Kean, J., Campbell, J., Whitfield, M., Morgan, G., Acreman, D. and Smith, J. (2020), Factors associated with hepatitis C and HIV testing uptake among men who inject image and performance enhancing drugs. Drug Alcohol Rev, which has been published in final form at https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dar.13198. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions.
Uncontrolled Keywords: 11 Medical and Health Sciences, 16 Studies in Human Society, 17 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Subjects: R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine
R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine > RA0440 Study and Teaching. Research
Divisions: Public Health Institute
Publisher: Wiley
Related URLs:
Date Deposited: 12 Nov 2020 10:21
Last Modified: 08 Nov 2021 00:50
DOI or ID number: 10.1111/dar.13198
URI: https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/13992
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