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Nas, J, Kleinnibbelink, G, Hannink, G, Navarese, EP, van Royen, N, de Boer, M-J, Wik, L, Bonnes, JL and Brouwer, MA (2019) Diagnostic performance of the basic and advanced life support termination of resuscitation rules: A systematic review and diagnostic meta-analysis. Resuscitation, 148. ISSN 0300-9572
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Abstract
Aim: To minimize termination of resuscitation (TOR) in potential survivors, the desired positive predictive value (PPV) for mortality and specificity of universal TOR-rules are ≥99%. In lack of a quantitative summary of the collective evidence, we performed a diagnostic meta-analysis to provide an overall estimate of the performance of the basic and advanced life support (BLS and ALS) termination rules.
Data sources: We searched PubMed/EMBASE/Web-of-Science/CINAHL and Cochrane (until September 2019) for studies on either or both TOR-rules in non-traumatic, adult cardiac arrest. PRISMA-DTA-guidelines were followed.
Results: There were 19 studies: 16 reported on the BLS-rule (205.073 patients, TOR-advice in 57%), 11 on the ALS-rule (161.850 patients, TOR-advice in 24%). Pooled specificities were 0.95 (0.89–0.98) and 0.98 (0.95–1.00) respectively, with a PPV of 0.99 (0.99–1.00) and 1.00 (0.99–1.00).
Specificities were significantly lower in non-Western than Western regions: 0.84 (0.73–0.92) vs. 0.99 (0.97–0.99), p < 0.001 for the BLS rule. For the ALS-rule, specificities were 0.94 (0.87–0.97) vs. 1.00 (0.99–1.00), p < 0.001. For non-Western regions, 16 (BLS) or 6 (ALS) out of 100 potential survivors met the TOR-criteria. Meta-regression demonstrated decreasing performance in settings with lower rates of in-field shocks.
Conclusions: Despite an overall high PPV, this meta-analysis highlights a clinically important variation in diagnostic performance of the BLS and ALS TOR-rules. Lower specificity and PPV were seen in non-Western regions, and populations with lower rates of in-field defibrillation. Improved insight in the varying diagnostic performance is highly needed, and local validation of the rules is warranted to prevent in-field termination of potential survivors.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | 1103 Clinical Sciences, 1110 Nursing, 1117 Public Health and Health Services |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > R Medicine (General) |
| Divisions: | Sport & Exercise Sciences |
| Publisher: | Elsevier |
| Related URLs: | |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Jan 2021 12:22 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Sep 2021 06:12 |
| DOI or ID number: | 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2019.12.016 |
| URI: | https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/14202 |
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