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Bassan, A, Alves, VM, Amberg, A, Anger, LT, Beilke, L, Bender, A, Bernal, A, Cronin, MTD, Hsieh, JH, Johnson, C, Kemper, R, Mumtaz, M, Neilson, L, Pavan, M, Pointon, A, Pletz, J, Ruiz, P, Russo, DP, Sabnis, Y, Sandhu, R , Schaefer, M, Stavitskaya, L, Szabo, DT, Valentin, JP, Woolley, D, Zwickl, C and Myatt, GJ (2021) In silico approaches in organ toxicity hazard assessment: Current status and future needs for predicting heart, kidney and lung toxicities. Computational Toxicology, 20. ISSN 2468-1113
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Abstract
The kidneys, heart and lungs are vital organ systems evaluated as part of acute or chronic toxicity assessments. New methodologies are being developed to predict these adverse effects based on in vitro and in silico approaches. This paper reviews the current state of the art in predicting these organ toxicities. It outlines the biological basis, processes and endpoints for kidney toxicity, pulmonary toxicity, respiratory irritation and sensitization as well as functional and structural cardiac toxicities. The review also covers current experimental approaches, including off-target panels from secondary pharmacology batteries. Current in silico approaches for prediction of these effects and mechanisms are described as well as obstacles to the use of in silico methods. Ultimately, a commonly accepted protocol for performing such assessment would be a valuable resource to expand the use of such approaches across different regulatory and industrial applications. However, a number of factors impede their widespread deployment including a lack of a comprehensive mechanistic understanding, limited in vitro testing approaches and limited in vivo databases suitable for modeling, a limited understanding of how to incorporate absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) considerations into the overall process, a lack of in silico models designed to predict a safe dose and an accepted framework for organizing the key characteristics of these organ toxicants.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA1190 Toxicology. Poisions R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica |
| Divisions: | Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences |
| Publisher: | Elsevier |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Mar 2022 10:28 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Sep 2022 00:50 |
| DOI or ID number: | 10.1016/j.comtox.2021.100188 |
| URI: | https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/16407 |
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