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Thijssen, DHJ, Uthman, L, Somani, YB and van Royen, N (2021) Short-term exercise-induced protection of cardiovascular function and health: why and how fast does the heart benefit from exercise? The Journal of Physiology, 600 (6). pp. 1339-1355. ISSN 0022-3751
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The Journal of Physiology - 2021 - Thijssen - Short‐term exercise‐induced protection of cardiovascular function and health .pdf - Published Version Available under License Creative Commons Attribution. Download (1MB) | Preview |
Abstract
Abstract: Regular exercise training has potent and powerful protective effects against the development of cardiovascular disease. These cardioprotective effects of regular exercise training are partly explained through the effects of exercise on traditional cardiovascular risk factors and improvement in cardiac and vascular health, which take several weeks to months to develop. This review focuses on the observation that single bouts of exercise may also possess an underrecognized, clinically useful form of immediate cardioprotection. Studies, performed in both animals and humans, demonstrate that single or short-term exercise-induced protection (SEP) attenuates the magnitude of cardiac and/or vascular damage in response to prolonged ischaemia and reperfusion injury. This review highlights preclinical evidence supporting the hypothesis that SEP activates multiple pathways to confer immediate protection against ischaemic events, reduce the severity of potentially lethal ischaemic myocardial injury, and therefore act as a physiological first line of defence against injury. Given the fact that the extent of SEP could be modulated by exercise-related and subject-related factors, it is important to recognize and consider these factors to optimize future clinical implications of SEP. This review also summarizes potential effector signalling pathways (i.e. communication between exercising muscles to vascular/cardiac tissue) and intracellular pathways (i.e. reducing tissue damage) that ultimately confer protection against cardiac and vascular injury. Finally, we discuss potential future directions for designing adequate human and animal studies that will support developing effective SEP strategies for the (multi-)diseased and aged individual.
| Item Type: | Article |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Science & Technology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; Neurosciences; Physiology; Neurosciences & Neurology; cardioprotection; ischaemia reperfusion injury; ischaemic heart disease; single exercise-induced protection; ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; MYOCARDIAL TOLERANCE; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION; RESISTANCE EXERCISE; INTERVAL EXERCISE; UP-REGULATION; 2ND WINDOW; CARDIOPROTECTION; cardioprotection; ischaemia reperfusion injury; ischaemic heart disease; single exercise-induced protection; Physiology; 06 Biological Sciences; 11 Medical and Health Sciences |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QP Physiology R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC1200 Sports Medicine |
| Divisions: | Sport & Exercise Sciences |
| Publisher: | Wiley |
| SWORD Depositor: | A Symplectic |
| Date Deposited: | 25 Apr 2022 13:46 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Apr 2022 13:46 |
| DOI or ID number: | 10.1113/JP282000 |
| URI: | https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/16703 |
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