Short-Term Physical Inactivity Induces Endothelial Dysfunction

Davies, KAB, Norman, JA, Thompson, A, Mitchell, KL, Harrold, JA, Halford, JCG ORCID: 0000-0003-1629-3189, Wilding, JPH, Kemp, GJ ORCID: 0000-0002-8324-9666, Cuthbertson, DJ and Sprung, VS ORCID: 0000-0002-2666-4986 (2021) Short-Term Physical Inactivity Induces Endothelial Dysfunction. Frontiers in Physiology, 12. ISSN 1664-042X

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Abstract

Objective: This study examined the effects of a short-term reduction in physical activity, and subsequent resumption, on metabolic profiles, body composition and cardiovascular (endothelial) function. Design: Twenty-eight habitually active (≥10,000 steps/day) participants (18 female, 10 male; age 32 ± 11 years; BMI 24.3 ± 2.5 kg/m2) were assessed at baseline, following 14 days of step-reduction and 14 days after resuming habitual activity. Methods: Physical activity was monitored throughout (SenseWear Armband). Endothelial function (flow mediated dilation; FMD), cardiorespiratory fitness ((Formula presented.) peak) and body composition including liver fat (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance spectroscopy) were determined at each assessment. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way within subject’s ANOVA; data presented as mean (95% CI). Results: Participants decreased their step count from baseline by 10,111 steps/day (8949, 11,274; P < 0.001), increasing sedentary time by 103 min/day (29, 177; P < 0.001). Following 14 days of step-reduction, endothelial function was reduced by a 1.8% (0.4, 3.3; P = 0.01) decrease in FMD. Following resumption of habitual activity, FMD increased by 1.4%, comparable to the baseline level 0.4% (–1.8, 2.6; P = 1.00). Total body fat, waist circumference, liver fat, whole body insulin sensitivity and cardiorespiratory fitness were all adversely affected by 14 days step-reduction (P < 0.05) but returned to baseline levels following resumption of activity. Conclusion: This data shows for the first time that whilst a decline in endothelial function is observed following short-term physical inactivity, this is reversed on resumption of habitual activity. The findings highlight the need for public health interventions that focus on minimizing time spent in sedentary behavior.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Science & Technology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; Physiology; cardiorespiratory fitness; endothelial function; insulin resistance; liver fat; physical activity; sedentary behavior; FLOW-MEDIATED DILATION; POLYCYSTIC-OVARY-SYNDROME; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; ARTERY; REDUCTION; RISK; WORLDWIDE; DISEASE; GLUCOSE; OBESITY; cardiorespiratory fitness; endothelial function; insulin resistance; liver fat; physical activity; sedentary behavior; 0606 Physiology; 1116 Medical Physiology; 1701 Psychology
Subjects:	R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC1200 Sports Medicine
Divisions:	Sport and Exercise Sciences
Publisher:	Frontiers Media
Date of acceptance:	8 March 2021
Date of first compliant Open Access:	9 June 2022
Date Deposited:	09 Jun 2022 09:47
Last Modified:	05 Jul 2025 15:30
DOI or ID number:	10.3389/fphys.2021.659834
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/17031

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