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Bellis, MA, Hughes, K, Ford, K, Edwards, S, Sharples, O, Hardcastle, K and Wood, S (2018) Does adult alcohol consumption combine with adverse childhood experiences to increase involvement in violence in men and women? A crosssectional study in England and Wales. BMJ Open, 8 (12). ISSN 2044-6055
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Abstract
Objectives: To examine if, and to what extent, a history of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) combines with adult alcohol consumption to predict recent violence perpetration and victimisation. Design: Representative face-to-face survey (n=12 669) delivered using computer-assisted personal interviewing and self-interviewing. Setting: Domiciles of individuals living in England and Wales. Participants: Individuals aged 18-69 years resident within randomly selected locations. 12 669 surveys were completed with participants within our defined age range. Main outcome measures Alcohol consumption was measured using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C) and childhood adversity using the short ACEs tool. Violence was measured using questions on perpetration and victimisation in the last 12 months. Results: Compliance was 55.7%. There were strong positive relationships between numbers of ACEs and recent violence perpetration and victimisation in both sexes. Recent violence was also strongly related to positive AUDIT-C (≥5) scores. In males, heavier drinking and ≥4ACEs had a strong multiplicative relationship with adjusted prevalence of recent violent perpetration rising from 1.3% (95% CIs 0.9% to 1.9%; 0 ACEs, negative AUDIT-C) to 3.6% (95% CIs 2.7% to 4.9%; 0 ACEs, positive AUDIT-C) and 8.5% (95% CI 5.6% to 12.7%; ≥4ACEs, negative AUDIT-C) to 28.3% (95% CI 22.5% to 34.8%; ≥4ACEs, positive AUDIT-C). In both sexes, violence perpetration and victimisation reduced with age independently of ACE count and AUDIT-C status. The combination of young age (18-29 years), ≥4ACEs and positive AUDIT-C resulted in the highest adjusted prevalence for both perpetration and victimisation in males (61.9%, 64.9%) and females (24.1%, 27.2%). Conclusions: Those suffering multiple adverse experiences in childhood are also more likely to be heavier alcohol users. Especially for males, this combination results in substantially increased risks of violence. Addressing ACEs and heavy drinking together is rarely a feature of public health policy, but a combined approach may help reduce the vast costs associated with both.
| Item Type: | Article |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Alcohol Drinking; Violence; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Middle Aged; Crime Victims; England; Wales; Female; Male; Young Adult; Surveys and Questionnaires; Adverse Childhood Experiences; adverse childhood experiences; alcohol; child maltreatment; violence; Adolescent; Adult; Adverse Childhood Experiences; Aged; Alcohol Drinking; Crime Victims; Cross-Sectional Studies; England; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Surveys and Questionnaires; Violence; Wales; Young Adult; 1103 Clinical Sciences; 1117 Public Health and Health Services; 1199 Other Medical and Health Sciences |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine |
| Divisions: | Public Health Institute |
| Publisher: | BMJ |
| SWORD Depositor: | A Symplectic |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Dec 2022 12:11 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Dec 2022 12:11 |
| DOI or ID number: | 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020591 |
| URI: | https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/18479 |
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