Semenova, EA, Pranckevičienė, E, Bondareva, EA, Gabdrakhmanova, LJ and Ahmetov, II (2023) Identification and Characterization of Genomic Predictors of Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity Using UK Biobank Data. Nutrients, 15 (3). ISSN 2072-6643

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Abstract

The substantial decline in skeletal muscle mass, strength, and gait speed is a sign of severe sarcopenia, which may partly depend on genetic risk factors. So far, hundreds of genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with handgrip strength, lean mass and walking pace have been identified in the UK Biobank cohort; however, their pleiotropic effects on all three phenotypes have not been investigated. By combining summary statistics of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of handgrip strength, lean mass and walking pace, we have identified 78 independent SNPs (from 73 loci) associated with all three traits with consistent effect directions. Of the 78 SNPs, 55 polymorphisms were also associated with body fat percentage and 25 polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes (T2D), indicating that sarcopenia, obesity and T2D share many common risk alleles. Follow-up bioinformatic analysis revealed that sarcopenia risk alleles were associated with tiredness, falls in the last year, neuroticism, alcohol intake frequency, smoking, time spent watching television, higher salt, white bread, and processed meat intake; whereas protective alleles were positively associated with bone mineral density, serum testosterone, IGF1, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, height, intelligence, cognitive performance, educational attainment, income, physical activity, ground coffee drinking and healthier diet (muesli, cereal, wholemeal or wholegrain bread, potassium, magnesium, cheese, oily fish, protein, water, fruit, and vegetable intake). Furthermore, the literature data suggest that single-bout resistance exercise may induce significant changes in the expression of 26 of the 73 implicated genes in m. vastus lateralis, which may partly explain beneficial effects of strength training in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia. In conclusion, we have identified and characterized 78 SNPs associated with sarcopenia and 55 SNPs with sarcopenic obesity in European-ancestry individuals from the UK Biobank.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Muscle, Skeletal; Humans; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Obesity; Hand Strength; Genomics; Biological Specimen Banks; Genome-Wide Association Study; Sarcopenia; United Kingdom; DNA; fat-free mass; genetics; height; nutrition; physical activity; sarcopenia; sarcopenic obesity; testosterone; weakness; Humans; Sarcopenia; Hand Strength; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Genome-Wide Association Study; Biological Specimen Banks; Obesity; Genomics; United Kingdom; Muscle, Skeletal; 0908 Food Sciences; 1111 Nutrition and Dietetics
Subjects:	Q Science > QM Human anatomy Q Science > QP Physiology R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC1200 Sports Medicine
Divisions:	Sport & Exercise Sciences
Publisher:	MDPI AG
SWORD Depositor:	A Symplectic
Date Deposited:	02 Mar 2023 12:34
Last Modified:	02 Mar 2023 12:45
DOI or ID number:	10.3390/nu15030758
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/19002

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