Tools
Tools
Grmasha, RA, Stenger-Kovács, C, Bedewy, BAH, Al-sareji, OJ, Al-Juboori, RA, Meiczinger, M and Hashim, KS (2023) Ecological and human health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in Tigris river near the oil refineries in Iraq. Environmental Research, 227. ISSN 0013-9351
|
Text
Ecological and human health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in Tigris river near the oil refineries in Iraq.pdf - Published Version Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives. Download (6MB) | Preview |
Abstract
Recent Iraqi battles against ISIS in 2014 and 2015 resulted in the destruction or severe damage to several refineries' infrastructure. This, along with other factors, has led to the release and accumulation of a wide range of hazardous chemicals into the environment, for instance, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). Thus, for the first time, a comprehensive 16 PAHs measurements campaign over the course of six months near the oil refineries along the Tigris River and its estuaries was investigated. The 16 PAHs concentrations in surface water and the sediments for the following oil refineries: Baiji, Kirkuk, Al-Siniyah, Qayyarah, Al-Kasak, Daura, South Refineries Company, and Maysan were examined. The overall findings indicated that the 16 PAHs concentrations ranged from 567.8 to 3750.7 ng/L for water and 5619.2–12795.0 ng/g for sediment. Water samples in South Refineries Company recorded the highest PAH concentrations while Baiji oil refinery registered the highest PAH concentrations in the sediment samples. The percentages of high molecular weight PAH (5–6 rings) in water and sediment samples were the highest, ranging from 49.41% to 81.67% and from 39.06% to 89.39% of total PAH for water and sediment, respectively. The majority of 16 PAHs measured in water and sediment samples of the Tigris River were derived from pyrogenic sources. Based on sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), most sites showed a possible effect range with occasional biological effects of most of the PAH concentrations in all sediments’ samples. The calculated incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) value was high risk with adverse health effects, including cancer.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Humans; Neoplasms; Water; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Risk Assessment; Rivers; Environmental Monitoring; Geologic Sediments; Iraq; China; Oil and Gas Industry; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; Oil refinery; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH); Risk assessment; Sediment; Tigris river; Water; Humans; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; Iraq; Rivers; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Geologic Sediments; Environmental Monitoring; Risk Assessment; Water; Oil and Gas Industry; Neoplasms; China; 03 Chemical Sciences; 05 Environmental Sciences; 06 Biological Sciences; Toxicology |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering |
| Divisions: | Civil Engineering & Built Environment |
| Publisher: | Elsevier BV |
| SWORD Depositor: | A Symplectic |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Jun 2023 09:43 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Jun 2023 09:45 |
| DOI or ID number: | 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115791 |
| URI: | https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/20125 |
 |
View Item |