SN 2021gno: a calcium-rich transient with double-peaked light curves

Ertini, K ORCID: 0000-0001-7251-8368, Folatelli, G, Martinez, L ORCID: 0000-0003-0766-2798, Bersten, MC, Anderson, JP, Ashall, C, Baron, E, Bose, S ORCID: 0000-0003-3529-3854, Brown, PJ, Burns, C, Derkacy, JM, Ferrari, L, Galbany, L, Hsiao, E ORCID: 0000-0003-1039-2928, Kumar, S, Lu, J, Mazzali, P ORCID: 0000-0001-6876-8284, Morrell, N, Orellana, M, Pessi, PJ et al (2023) SN 2021gno: a calcium-rich transient with double-peaked light curves. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 526 (1). pp. 279-298. ISSN 0035-8711

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Abstract

We present extensive ultraviolet (UV) and optical photometric and optical spectroscopic follow-up of supernova (SN) 2021gno by the 'Precision Observations of Infant Supernova Explosions' (POISE) project, starting less than 2 d after the explosion. Given its intermediate luminosity, fast photometric evolution, and quick transition to the nebular phase with spectra dominated by [Ca ii] lines, SN 2021gno belongs to the small family of Calcium-rich transients. Moreover, it shows double-peaked light curves, a phenomenon shared with only four other Calcium-rich events. The projected distance from the centre of the host galaxy is not as large as other objects in this family. The initial optical light-curve peaks coincide with a very quick decline of the UV flux, indicating a fast initial cooling phase. Through hydrodynamical modelling of the bolometric light curve and line velocity evolution, we found that the observations are compatible with the explosion of a highly stripped massive star with an ejecta mass of and a 56Ni mass of 0.024 M⊙. The initial cooling phase (first light-curve peak) is explained by the presence of an extended circumstellar material comprising ∼ with an extension of. We discuss if hydrogen features are present in both maximum-light and nebular spectra, and their implications in terms of the proposed progenitor scenarios for Calcium-rich transients.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	This article has been accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society ©: 2023 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences; Astronomy & Astrophysics
Subjects:	Q Science > QB Astronomy Q Science > QC Physics
Divisions:	Astrophysics Research Institute
Publisher:	Oxford University Press
Date of acceptance:	1 September 2023
Date of first compliant Open Access:	7 February 2024
Date Deposited:	07 Feb 2024 15:39
Last Modified:	04 Jul 2025 14:15
DOI or ID number:	10.1093/mnras/stad2705
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/22534

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