McCall, C, Jermak, HE, Steele, IA, Kobayashi, S, Knapen, JH and Sánchez-Alarcón, PM (2024) Detection of an intranight optical hard-lag with colour variability in blazar PKS 0735+178. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 528 (3). pp. 4702-4719. ISSN 0035-8711

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Abstract

Blazars are a highly variable subclass of active galactic nuclei that have been observed to vary significantly during a single night. This intranight variability remains a debated phenomenon, with various mechanisms proposed to explain the behaviour including jet energy density evolution or system geometric changes. We present the results of an intranight optical monitoring campaign of four blazars: TXS 0506+056, OJ287, PKS 0735+178, and OJ248 using the Carlos Sánchez Telescope. We detect significant but colourless behaviour in OJ287 and both bluer- and redder-when-brighter colour trends in PKS 0735+178. Additionally, the g band shows a lag of ~ 10 min with respect to the r, i, zs bands for PKS 0735+178 on 2023 January 17. This unexpected hard lag in PKS 0735+178 is not in accordance with the standard synchrotron shock cooling model (which would predict a soft lag) and instead suggests the variability may be a result of changes in the jet’s electron energy density distribution, with energy injection from Fermi acceleration processes into a post-shocked medium.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	astro-ph.HE; astro-ph.HE
Subjects:	Q Science > QB Astronomy Q Science > QC Physics
Divisions:	Astrophysics Research Institute
Publisher:	Oxford University Press
Related URLs:	http://arxiv.org/abs/2402.00633v1
SWORD Depositor:	A Symplectic
Date Deposited:	16 Feb 2024 15:03
Last Modified:	16 Feb 2024 15:15
DOI or ID number:	10.1093/mnras/stae310
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/22639

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