Ahmetov, II, Druzhevskaya, AM, Lyubaeva, EV, Popov, DV, Vinogradova, OL and Williams, AG (2011) The dependence of preferred competitive racing distance on muscle fibre type composition and ACTN3 genotype in speed skaters. Experimental Physiology, 96 (12). pp. 1302-1310. ISSN 0958-0670

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Abstract

It is generally accepted that muscle fibre composition may influence physical performance. The α-actinin-3 (ACTN3) gene R577X polymorphism is suspected to be one of the contributing gene variations in the determination of muscle fibre type composition and athletic status. In the present study, we examined the dependence of average preferred racing distance (PRD) on muscle fibre type composition of the vastus lateralis muscle in 34 subelite Russian speed skaters (20 men and 14 women) who competed in races of different length (500-10,000 m). We also investigated the association between theACTN3polymorphism and muscle fibre characteristics in 94 subjects (60 physically active healthy men and 34 speed skaters), as well as the relationship between PRD andACTN3genotype in 115 subelite and elite speed skaters. In addition,ACTN3genotype and allele frequencies of the 115 speed skaters were compared with 1301 control subjects. TheACTN3XX genotype frequency was significantly lower in sprinters (n= 39) compared with control subjects (2.6versus14.5%;P= 0.034). We observed a positive relationship between PRD and the proportion of slow-twitch muscle fibres that was close to linear, but better fitted a logarithmic curve (r= 0.593,P< 0.0005). TheACTN3R577X polymorphism was associated with muscle fibre composition (slow-twitch fibres: RR genotype, 51.7 (12.8)%; RX, 57.4 (13.2)%; XX 61.5 (16.3)%; ρ= 0.215;P= 0.049) in the overall muscle biopsy group, and with PRD of all athletes (ρ= 0.24,P= 0.010), indicating thatACTN3XX genotype carriers exhibit a higher proportion of slow-twitch fibres and prefer to skate long-distance races. However, the majority of the association between muscle fibre type and PRD was independent ofACTN3genotype. In conclusion, theACTN3R577X polymorphism is associated with preferred racing distance in speed skaters and muscle fibre type composition. Thus, it is probably partly via associations with fibre type that the R577X polymorphism contributes to a small but perhaps important component of the ability to perform at a high level in speed skating.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	This is the peer reviewed version of the following article:Ahmetov, I.I., Druzhevskaya, A.M., Lyubaeva, E.V., Popov, D.V., Vinogradova, O.L. and Williams, A.G. (2011), The dependence of preferred competitive racing distance on muscle fibre type composition and ACTN3 genotype in speed skaters. Experimental Physiology, 96: 1302-1310., which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1113/expphysiol.2011.060293. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley’s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Science & Technology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; Physiology; HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE; VASTUS LATERALIS MUSCLE; ALPHA-ACTININ-3 DEFICIENCY; ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE; POWER EQUATION; GENE; EXPRESSION; METABOLISM; MEN; Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch; Muscle, Skeletal; Humans; Actinin; Gene Frequency; Polymorphism, Genetic; Skating; Female; Male; Athletic Performance; Young Adult; Actinin; Athletic Performance; Female; Gene Frequency; Humans; Male; Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch; Muscle, Skeletal; Polymorphism, Genetic; Skating; Young Adult; 0606 Physiology; 1106 Human Movement and Sports Sciences; 1116 Medical Physiology; Physiology
Subjects:	Q Science > QP Physiology R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC1200 Sports Medicine
Divisions:	Sport & Exercise Sciences
Publisher:	Wiley
SWORD Depositor:	A Symplectic
Date Deposited:	29 Apr 2024 12:11
Last Modified:	29 Apr 2024 12:15
DOI or ID number:	10.1113/expphysiol.2011.060293
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/23067

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