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Abstract

There is considerably greater variation in metabolic rates between men than between women, in terms of basal, activity and total (daily) energy expenditure (EE). One possible explanation is that EE is associated with male sexual characteristics (which are known to vary more than other traits) such as musculature and athletic capacity. Such traits might be predicted to be most prominent during periods of adolescence and young adulthood, when sexual behaviour develops and peaks. We tested this hypothesis on a large dataset by comparing the amount of male variation and female variation in total EE, activity EE and basal EE, at different life stages, along with several morphological traits: height, fat free mass and fat mass. Total EE, and to some degree also activity EE, exhibit considerable greater male variation (GMV) in young adults, and then a decreasing GMV in progressively older individuals. Arguably, basal EE, and also morphometrics, do not exhibit this pattern. These findings suggest that single male sexual characteristics may not exhibit peak GMV in young adulthood, however total and perhaps also activity EE, associated with many morphological and physiological traits combined, do exhibit GMV most prominently during the reproductive life stages.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	IAEA DLW Database Consortium; Humans; Sexual Behavior; Energy Metabolism; Reproduction; Puberty; Phenotype; Adolescent; Adult; Female; Male; Young Adult; age; height; inter-individual variation; morphometry; weight; Adolescent; Young Adult; Female; Humans; Male; Adult; Puberty; Sexual Behavior; Reproduction; Energy Metabolism; Phenotype; 06 Biological Sciences; Evolutionary Biology
Subjects:	R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC1200 Sports Medicine
Divisions:	Sport & Exercise Sciences
Publisher:	The Royal Society
SWORD Depositor:	A Symplectic
Date Deposited:	18 Sep 2024 09:12
Last Modified:	18 Sep 2024 09:15
DOI or ID number:	10.1098/rsbl.2023.0152
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/24171

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