Boidin, M, Grégoire, CA, Gagnon, C, Thorin-Trescases, N, Thorin, E, Nigam, A, Juneau, M, Guillaume, A, Tremblay, J, Gayda, M and Bherer, L (2024) Effects of variation in exercise training load on cognitive performances and neurotrophic biomarkers in patients with coronary artery disease. Journal of Applied Physiology, 137 (5). pp. 1158-1167. ISSN 8750-7587

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Abstract

This study compared the effects of linear (LP) and nonlinear (NLP) training periodization on cognitive functions, neurotrophic biomarkers [plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)], and cathepsin-B in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Forty-four patients with CAD reported to our laboratory on two occasions to undergo testing procedures before and after training sessions, and were then blindly randomized to NLP or LP for 36 training sessions. Visit 1 included blood samples and a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing to get maximal oxygen uptake (V̇o2peak). Visit 2 included cognitive functions assessment. Thirty-nine patients completed the study (LP: n = 20, NLP: n = 19), with no observed changes in cognitive performances after the training intervention in either group. IGF-1 concentration decreased in both groups (time-effect: P < 0.001), whereas BDNF concentration increased (time-effect: P < 0.05) without group interaction, and cathepsin-B did not change after the intervention. Associations were found between ΔV̇o2peak and ΔBDNF (R2 = 0.18, P = 0.04), and ΔIGF-1 and Δshort-term/working memory (R2 = 0.17, P = 0.01) in the pooled sample, with ΔIGF-1 and ΔBDNF accounting for 10% of the variance in Δshort-term/working memory. In the LP group, associations were found between ΔV̇o2peak and ΔBDNF (R2 = 0.45, P = 0.02), ΔBDNF and Δshort-term/working memory (R2 = 0.62, P = 0.004), ΔIGF-1 and Δshort-term/working memory (R2 = 0.31, P = 0.01), and ΔIGF-1 and Δexecutive function (R2 = 0.22, P = 0.04). This study indicates that linear and nonlinear training periodization led to an increase in BDNF, and a decrease in IGF-1, without change in cognitive function in individuals with stable CAD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We used a novel and supervised iso-energetic training, integrating both moderate- and high-intensity aerobic exercises. Our findings indicate that greater variation in training load did not yield cognitive enhancements, although both protocols exhibited positive effects on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. Moreover, this study establishes a clear positive association between short-term and working memory and neurotrophic biomarkers. In addition, the independent predictive value of change in insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) on improvement in short-term and working memory highlight the close relationship between neurotrophic markers and cognition. Consequently, our results advocate for exercise training interventions targeting neurotrophic biomarkers to enhance cognitive function among individuals with coronary artery disease.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Humans; Cathepsin B; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Exercise Test; Exercise; Exercise Therapy; Cognition; Oxygen Consumption; Aged; Middle Aged; Female; Male; Coronary Artery Disease; Biomarkers; aerobic exercise; cognitive function; coronary artery disease; secondary prevention; training periodization; Humans; Male; Female; Cognition; Biomarkers; Middle Aged; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Coronary Artery Disease; Aged; Exercise; Oxygen Consumption; Cathepsin B; Exercise Therapy; Exercise Test; 06 Biological Sciences; 11 Medical and Health Sciences; Physiology
Subjects:	R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC1200 Sports Medicine
Divisions:	Research and Innovation Services
Publisher:	American Physiological Society
SWORD Depositor:	A Symplectic
Date Deposited:	13 Nov 2024 14:57
Last Modified:	13 Nov 2024 15:00
DOI or ID number:	10.1152/japplphysiol.00636.2023
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/24772

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