Egedigwe-Ekeleme, CA, Famurewa, AC, Egedigwe, UO, Onyeabo, C, Kanu, SC, Ogunwa, SC, Onuora, CA and Agbo, AO (2023) Comparative studies on the amino acids, pesticide residue content, biogenic and toxic elements in an underutilized nut: Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea). Journal of Trace Elements and Minerals, 3. ISSN 2773-0506

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Abstract

Background Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) is an indigenous African leguminous crop commonly consumed in Ebonyi State in Nigeria. Methods This study determined the pesticide residue content, amino acids, toxic and biogenic elements of Bambara groundnut seeds obtained from three local government areas - Abakaliki, Ikwo, and Afikpo in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The digested samples were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission (ICP-OES) for determination of minerals and toxic elements, while High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) system was used to determine the amino acids and pesticide residue content. Results Pesticide residue content varied from 0.001 ± 0.00 to 0.598 ± 0.03 µg kg−1 in Afikpo samples, 0.001 ± 0.05 to 0.50 ± 0.01 µg kg−1 in Abakaliki samples, 0.001 ± 0.00 to 0.47 ± 0.01 µg kg−1 in Ikwo samples. Pesticide residues detected in the samples were meaningless when compared to the maximum residue limit by World Health Organization (WHO). In the amino acid analysis, the composition of the essential amino acids was higher when compared to the WHO standard. Isoleucine was found to be the most abundant in the samples studied. The total percentage of amino acids in Afikpo sample (24.7 ± 1.4) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than samples from Abakaliki (17.8 ± 1.0) and Ikwo (16.8 ± 0.1). The samples contained meaningless amounts of both macro and micro biogenic elements. Toxic elements such as lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, chromium and nickel were detected but lower than the WHO standard values. Conclusion This study indicates that this legume may be safe for consumption.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	30 Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences; 3004 Crop and Pasture Production
Subjects:	T Technology > TX Home economics > TX341 Nutrition. Foods and food supply Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General)
Divisions:	Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences
Publisher:	Elsevier
SWORD Depositor:	A Symplectic
Date Deposited:	05 Mar 2025 15:37
Last Modified:	05 Mar 2025 15:45
DOI or ID number:	10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100051
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/25793

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