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Gordon, S, Daneshian, M, Bouwstra, J, Caloni, F, Constant, S, Davies, DE, Dandekar, G, Guzman, CA, Fabian, E, Haltner, E, Hartung, T, Hasiwa, N, Hayden, P, Kandarova, H, Khare, S, Krug, HF, Kneuer, C, Leist, M, Lian, G, Marx, U , Metzger, M, Ott, K, Prieto, P, Roberts, MS, Roggen, EL, Tralau, T, van den Braak, C, Walles, H and Lehr, C-M (2015) Non-animal models of epithelial barriers (skin, intestine and lung) in research, industrial applications and regulatory toxicology. ALTEX, 32 (4). pp. 327-378. ISSN 1868-596X
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Abstract
Models of the outer epithelia of the human body - namely the skin, the intestine and the lung - have found valid applications in both research and industrial settings as attractive alternatives to animal testing. A variety of approaches to model these barriers are currently employed in such fields, ranging from the utilization of ex vivo tissue to reconstructed in vitro models, and further to chip-based technologies, synthetic membrane systems and, of increasing current interest, in silico modeling approaches. An international group of experts in the field of epithelial barriers was convened from academia, industry and regulatory bodies to present both the current state of the art of non-animal models of the skin, intestinal and pulmonary barriers in their various fields of application, and to discuss research-based, industry-driven and regulatory-relevant future directions for both the development of new models and the refinement of existing test methods. Issues of model relevance and preference, validation and standardization, acceptance, and the need for simplicity versus complexity were focal themes of the discussions. The outcomes of workshop presentations and discussions, in relation to both current status and future directions in the utilization and development of epithelial barrier models, are presented by the attending experts in the current report.
| Item Type: | Article |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | 07 Agricultural And Veterinary Sciences, 11 Medical And Health Sciences |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica |
| Divisions: | Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences |
| Publisher: | ALTEX Edition |
| Related URLs: | |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Jun 2017 11:34 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Sep 2021 03:56 |
| DOI or ID number: | 10.14573/altex.1510051 |
| URI: | https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/6628 |
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