Allison, P, Martindale, R, Stott, TA, Gray, S, Nash, C, Fraser, K and Wang, J (2018) The Value of Participating in British Exploring Society Expeditions: A Three Year Multi Cohort Study. Acta Universitatis Carolinae Kinanthropologica, 54 (1). pp. 5-15. ISSN 1212-1428

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Abstract

A primary aim of many expeditions is to facilitate personal development of young people and 15 while there is much anecdotal evidence to support this aim, there is limited empirical work of 16 varied quality that explores the specific nature of such benefits. This research examined nine 17 summer BES expeditions (Norway, Namibia & Amazon in 2012; Finnmark, Ladakh and 18 Namibia in 2013 and 2014) involving 58 young people (aged between 15 and 22) who completed 19 three on-line questionnaires to collect qualitative (open ended questions) and quantitative (likert 20 scale) data. Measurement of four psychological attributes associated with effective character 21 development were used: mental toughness, coping skills, GRIT and leadership skills. Surveys 22 were completed at three stages; 1) pre expedition, 2) immediately post expedition and 3) three 23 months post expedition. Results indicated that the expeditions impacted positively on the 24 psychological attributes of young people, with short term effects (three months). 25 For the 58 participants, there were statistically significant improvements and small positive 26 effect sizes in mental toughness (P=.006; ηp 2 .167), leadership skills (P=.004; ηp 2 .18), and 27 GRIT (P=.001; ηp 2 .218). There was no significant difference (P>0.05) or effect size for the 28 application of coping strategies. Qualitative data provided insights into how the learning took 29 place and individual perspectives on the overall value of the expedition in relation to narrative 30 understanding

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	expeditions; personal and social development; wilderness; youth development; adventure; experiential learning; values education; British Exploring Society
Subjects:	G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GV Recreation Leisure H Social Sciences > HM Sociology L Education > L Education (General)
Divisions:	Sport Studies, Leisure & Nutrition (closed 31 Aug 19)
Publisher:	Karolinum Press
Date Deposited:	10 May 2018 09:11
Last Modified:	04 Sep 2021 02:42
DOI or ID number:	10.14712/23366052.2018.1
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/8623

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