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Multimessenger observations of a flaring blazar coincident with high-energy neutrino IceCube-170922A

Aartsen, MG, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Al Samarai, I, Altmann, D, Andeen, K, Anderson, T, Ansseau, I, Anton, G, Arguelles, C, Auffenberg, J, Axani, S, Bagherpour, H, Bai, X, Barron, JP, Barwick, SW, Baum, V , Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Tjus, JB, Becker, K-H, BenZvi, S, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Blaufuss, E, Blot, S, Bohm, C, Borner, M, Bos, F, Boser, S, Botner, O, Bourbeau, E, Bourbeau, J, Bradascio, F, Braun, J, Brenzke, M, Bretz, H-P, Bron, S, Brostean-Kaiser, J, Burgman, A, Busse, RS, Carver, T, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Clark, K, Classen, L, Coenders, S, Collin, GH, Conrad, JM, Coppin, P, Correa, P, Cowen, DF, Cross, R, Dave, P, Day, M, de Andre, JPAM, De Clercq, C, DeLaunay, JJ, Dembinski, H, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de Wasseige, G, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Diaz-Velez, JC, di Lorenzo, V, Dujmovic, H, Dumm, JP, Dunkman, M, Dvorak, E, Eberhardt, B, Ehrhardt, T, Eichmann, B, Eller, P, Evenson, PA, Fahey, S, Fazely, AR, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Flis, S, Franckowiak, A, Friedman, E, Fritz, A, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Ghorbani, K, Glauch, T, Glusenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Gonzalez, JG, Grant, D, Griffith, Z, Haack, C, Hallgren, A, Halzen, F, Hanson, K, Hebecker, D, Heereman, D, Helbing, K, Hellauer, R, Hickford, S, Hignight, J, Hill, GC, Hoffman, KD, Hoffmann, R, Hoinka, T, Hokanson-Fasig, B, Hoshina, K, Huang, F, Huber, M, Hultqvist, K, Hunnefeld, M, Hussain, R, In, S, Iovine, N, Ishihara, A, Jacobi, E, Japaridze, GS, Jeong, M, Jero, K, Jones, BJP, Kalaczynski, P, Kang, W, Kappes, A, Kappesser, D, Karg, T, Karle, A, Katz, U, Kauer, M, Keivani, A, Kelley, JL, Kheirandish, A, Kim, J, Kim, M, Kintscher, T, Kiryluk, J, Kittler, T, Klein, SR, Koirala, R, Kolanoski, H, Kopke, L, Kopper, C, Kopper, S, Koschinsky, JP, Koskinen, DJ, Kowalski, M, Krings, K, Kroll, M, Kruckl, G, Kunwar, S, Kurahashi, N, Kuwabara, T, Kyriacou, A, Labare, M, Lanfranchi, JL, Larson, MJ, Lauber, F, Leonard, K, Lesiak-Bzdak, M, Leuermann, M, Liu, QR, Mariscal, CJL, Lu, L, Lunemann, J, Luszczak, W, Madsen, J, Maggi, G, Mahn, KBM, Mancina, S, Maruyama, R, Mase, K, Maunu, R, Meagher, K, Medici, M, Meier, M, Menne, T, Merino, G, Meures, T, Miarecki, S, Micallef, J, Momente, G, Montaruli, T, Moore, RW, Morse, R, Moulai, M, Nahnhauer, R, Nakarmi, P, Naumann, U, Neer, G, Niederhausen, H, Nowicki, SC, Nygren, DR, Pollmann, AO, Olivas, A, O'Murchadha, A, O'Sullivan, E, Palczewski, T, Pandya, H, Pankova, DV, Peiffer, P, Pepper, JA, de los Heros, CP, Pieloth, D, Pinat, E, Plum, M, Price, PB, Przybylski, GT, Raab, C, Radel, L, Rameez, M, Rauch, L, Rawlins, K, Rea, IC, Reimann, R, Relethford, B, Relich, M, Resconi, E, Rhode, W, Richman, M, Robertson, S, Rongen, M, Rott, C, Ruhe, T, Ryckbosch, D, Rysewyk, D, Safa, I, Salzer, T, Herrera, SES, Sandrock, A, Sandroos, J, Santander, M, Sarkar, S, Sarkar, S, Satalecka, K, Schlunder, P, Schmidt, T, Schneider, A, Schoenen, S, Schoneberg, S, 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Ragan, K, Reynolds, PT, Richards, GT, Roache, E, Rulten, C, Sadeh, I, Santander, M, Scott, SS, Sembroski, GH, Shahinyan, K, Sushch, I, Trepanier, S, Tyler, J, Vassiliev, VV, Wakely, SP, Weinstein, A, Wells, RM, Wilcox, P, Wilhelm, A, Williams, DA, Zitzer, B, Tetarenko, AJ, Kimball, AE, Miller-Jones, JCA and Sivakoff, GR (2018) Multimessenger observations of a flaring blazar coincident with high-energy neutrino IceCube-170922A. Science, 361 (6398). ISSN 0036-8075

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Open Access URL: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1807.08816 (Accepted version)

Abstract

Previous detections of individual astrophysical sources of neutrinos are limited to the Sun and the supernova 1987A, whereas the origins of the diffuse flux of high-energy cosmic neutrinos remain unidentified. On 22 September 2017, we detected a high-energy neutrino, IceCube-170922A, with an energy of ~290 tera–electron volts. Its arrival direction was consistent with the location of a known γ-ray blazar, TXS 0506+056, observed to be in a flaring state. An extensive multiwavelength campaign followed, ranging from radio frequencies to γ-rays. These observations characterize the variability and energetics of the blazar and include the detection of TXS 0506+056 in very-high-energy γ-rays. This observation of a neutrino in spatial coincidence with a γ-ray–emitting blazar during an active phase suggests that blazars may be a source of high-energy neutrinos.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: This is the author’s version of the work. It is posted here by permission of the AAAS for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Science on Vol.361 13/07/18, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aat1378
Uncontrolled Keywords: MD Multidisciplinary
Subjects: Q Science > QB Astronomy
Q Science > QC Physics
Divisions: Astrophysics Research Institute
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science
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Date Deposited: 14 Aug 2018 10:24
Last Modified: 03 Sep 2021 23:38
DOI or ID number: 10.1126/science.aat1378
URI: https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/9087
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