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Brandt, SD, Kavanagh, PV, Westphal, F, Stratford, A, Elliott, SP, Dowling, G, Wallach, J and Halberstadt, AL (2019) Return of the lysergamides. Part V: Analytical and behavioural characterization of 1-butanoyl-d-lysergic acid diethylamide (1B-LSD). Drug Testing and Analysis, 11 (8). pp. 1122-1133. ISSN 1942-7611
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Abstract
The psychedelic properties of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) have captured the imagination of researchers for many years and its rediscovery as an important research tool is evidenced by its clinical use within neuroscientific and therapeutic settings. At the same time, a number of novel LSD analogs have recently emerged as recreational drugs, which makes it necessary to study their analytical and pharmacological properties. One of the most recent additions to this series of LSD analogs is 1-butanoyl-LSD (1B-LSD), a constitutional isomer of 1-propionyl-6-ethyl-6-nor-lysergic acid diethylamide (1P-ETH-LAD), another LSD analog that was described previously. This study presents a comprehensive analytical characterization of 1B-LSD employing nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), low- and high-resolution mass spectrometry platforms, gas- and liquid chromatography (GC and LC), and GC-condensed phase and attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy analyses. Analytical differentiation of 1B-LSD from 1P-ETH-LAD was straightforward. LSD and other serotonergic hallucinogens induce the head-twitch response (HTR) in rats and mice, which is mediated by 5-HT2A receptor activation. HTR studies were conducted in C57BL/6J mice to assess whether 1B-LSD has LSD-like behavioral effects. 1B-LSD produced a dose-dependent increase in HTR counts, acting with ~14% (ED50 = 976.7 nmol/kg) of the potency of LSD (ED50 = 132.8 nmol/kg). This finding suggests that the behavioral effects of 1B-LSD are reminiscent of LSD and other serotonergic hallucinogens. The possibility exists that 1B-LSD serves as a pro-drug for LSD. Further investigations are warranted to confirm whether 1B-LSD produces LSD-like psychoactive effects in humans.
| Item Type: | Article |
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| Additional Information: | This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Brandt, SD, Kavanagh, PV, Westphal, F, et al. Return of the lysergamides. Part V: Analytical and behavioural characterization of 1‐butanoyl‐d‐lysergic acid diethylamide (1B‐LSD). Drug Test Anal. 2019; 11: 1122– 1133., which has been published in final form at https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dta.2613. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | 0301 Analytical Chemistry, 1115 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology |
| Divisions: | Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences |
| Publisher: | Wiley |
| Date Deposited: | 08 May 2019 09:32 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Sep 2021 09:27 |
| DOI or ID number: | 10.1002/dta.2613 |
| URI: | https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/10652 |
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