Facial reconstruction

Search LJMU Research Online

Browse Repository | Browse E-Theses

A 450 million years long latitudinal gradient in age-dependent extinction.

Silvestro, D, Castiglione, S, Mondanaro, A, Serio, C, Melchionna, M, Piras, P, Di Febbraro, M, Carotenuto, F, Rook, L and Raia, P (2019) A 450 million years long latitudinal gradient in age-dependent extinction. Ecology Letters. ISSN 1461-0248

[img]
Preview
Text
A 450 million years long latitudinal gradient in age-dependent extinction.pdf - Published Version
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives.

Download (723kB) | Preview

Abstract

Leigh Van Valen famously stated that under constant conditions extinction probability is independent of species age. To test this 'law of constant extinction', we developed a new method using deep learning to infer age-dependent extinction and analysed 450 myr of marine life across 21 invertebrate clades. We show that extinction rate significantly decreases with age in > 90% of the cases, indicating that most species died out soon after their appearance while those which survived experienced ever decreasing extinction risk. This age-dependent extinction pattern is stronger towards the Equator and holds true when the potential effects of mass extinctions and taxonomic inflation are accounted for. These results suggest that the effect of biological interactions on age-dependent extinction rate is more intense towards the tropics. We propose that the latitudinal diversity gradient and selection at the species level account for this exceptional, yet little recognised, macroevolutionary and macroecological pattern.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: 0501 Ecological Applications, 0602 Ecology, 0603 Evolutionary Biology
Subjects: G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences
Divisions: Biological & Environmental Sciences (from Sep 19)
Publisher: Wiley
Related URLs:
Date Deposited: 06 Feb 2020 10:10
Last Modified: 04 Sep 2021 07:57
DOI or ID number: 10.1111/ele.13441
URI: https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/12203
View Item View Item