Page, J, Erskine, RM and Hopkins, ND (2021) Skeletal muscle properties and vascular function do not differ between healthy, young vegan and omnivorous men. European Journal of Sport Science. ISSN 1536-7290

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Abstract

A vegan diet is associated with reduced cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, but protein deficiencies may be detrimental to skeletal muscle structure and function. The aim of this study was to compare the vascular and skeletal muscle properties between young, healthy, recreationally active habitual vegan (VEG) and omnivorous (OMN) men. Sixteen OMN and nine VEG underwent ultrasound scans to determine brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscle thickness and fascicle pennation angle. Knee extension maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) force was assessed on an isokinetic dynamometer, and V ˙ O 2 m a x on a cycle ergometer and online gas analysis system. A three-day food diary determined habitual dietary behaviour. Bayesian analyses of independent groups provided 'moderate' to 'very strong' evidence for lower consumption of absolute (63±21 g/d vs. 98±30 g/d; Bayes Factor (BF01)=0.140) and relative (0.86±0.29 g/kg/d vs. 1.36±0.52 g/kg/d; BF01=0.259) protein, absolute saturated fat (15.2±7.9 g vs. 30.3±11.8 g; BF01=0.089) and cholesterol (5.0±6.0 mg vs. 337.9±232.6 mg; BF01=0.019) in VEG compared to OMN, respectively. Further, there was 'anecdotal' evidence to support no differences in FMD (3.37±3.31% vs. 4.58±5.82%; BF01=2.591), cIMT (0.51±0.07mm vs. 0.49±0.04mm; BF01=2.510), VL thickness (26.1±3.7mm vs. 27.8±6.4mm; BF01=2.726), fascicle pennation angle (16.6±4.7° vs. 17.7±3.7°; BF01=2.844), MVIC (627±182 N vs. 551±102 N; BF01=1.656) or V ˙ O 2 m a x (40.8±9.8 ml/kg/min vs. 35.8±5.2 ml/kg/min; BF01=1.218) between VEG and OMN, respectively. Despite marked differences in habitual nutrient intake, healthy, young vegan and omnivorous men did not differ regarding vascular and skeletal muscle structure and function, or cardiovascular fitness.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	0913 Mechanical Engineering, 1106 Human Movement and Sports Sciences
Subjects:	T Technology > TX Home economics > TX341 Nutrition. Foods and food supply Q Science > QM Human anatomy Q Science > QP Physiology R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC1200 Sports Medicine
Divisions:	Sport & Exercise Sciences
Publisher:	Taylor & Francis
Related URLs:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33905293
Date Deposited:	20 May 2021 10:17
Last Modified:	04 Sep 2021 05:26
DOI or ID number:	10.1080/17461391.2021.1923814
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/15039

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