Ogedengbe-Olowofoyeku, AN, Ademola, IO, Wright, CW, Idowu, SO and Fatokun, AA (2021) Anthelmintic activity and non-cytotoxicity of phaeophorbide-a isolated from the leaf of Spondias mombin L. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 280. ISSN 0378-8741

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Abstract

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Helminthosis (worm infection) is a disease of grazing livestock, with significant economic implications. Increasing resistance to existing synthetic anthelmintics used to control helminthosis and the unwanted presence of residues of the anthelmintics reported in meat and dairy products present a serious global health challenge. These challenges have necessitated the development of novel anthelmintics that could combat drug resistance and exhibit better safety profiles. Spondias mombin L. (Anacardiaceae) is a plant that has been used traditionally as a worm expeller. AIM OF STUDY: The aim of the work reported herein was to isolate and characterise anthelmintic compound(s) from S. mombin leaf, establishing their bioactivity and safety profile. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Adult Haemonchus placei motility assay was used to assess anthelmintic bioactivity. Bioassay-guided chromatographic fractionation of acetone extract of S. mombin leaf was carried out on a silica gel stationary phase. The structure of the compound was elucidated using spectroscopy (1H and 13C NMR) and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS). Screening to exclude potential cytotoxicity against mammalian cells (H460, Caco-2, MC3T3-E1) was done using alamar blue (AB) and CellTitreGlo (CTG) viability reagents. RESULTS: The acetone extract yielded an active fraction 8 (Ethyl acetate: methanol 90:10; anthelmintic LC50: 3.97 mg/mL), which yielded an active sub-fraction (Ethyl acetate: Methanol 95:5; anthelmintic LC50: 53.8 μg/mL), from which active compound 1 was isolated and identified as phaeophorbide-a (LC50: 23.0 μg/mL or 38.8 μM). The compound was not toxic below 200 μM but weakly cytotoxic at 200 μM. CONCLUSIONS: Phaeophorbide-a (1) isolated from S. mombin leaf extract and reported in the plant for the first time in this species demonstrated anthelmintic activity. No significant toxicity to mammalian cells was observed. It therefore represents a novel anthelmintic pharmacophore as a potential lead for the development of novel anthelmintics.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	0607 Plant Biology, 1104 Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 1115 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica R Medicine > RV Botanic, Thomsonian, and eclectic medicine S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General)
Divisions:	Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences
Publisher:	Elsevier
Related URLs:	Author
Date Deposited:	02 Aug 2021 12:10
Last Modified:	04 Jul 2022 00:50
DOI or ID number:	10.1016/j.jep.2021.114392
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/15328

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