Morrison, B, Mohammad, A, Oxborough, D, Somauroo, J, Lindsay, S, Drane, AL, Shave, R and George, KP (2021) The 12-lead electrocardiogram of the elite female footballer as defined by different interpretation criteria across the competitive season. European Journal of Sport Science. ISSN 1536-7290

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Abstract

PURPOSE: Pre-participation screening (PPS), using a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), is recommended to identify athletes at risk of sudden cardiac death. ECG interpretation criteria have been developed to address the concern arising from high false-positives in athletes. There are limited ECG data in elite female footballers. The aims of this study were to 1) compare the ECG outcomes using three published ECG criteria (European Society of Cardiology [ESC], Seattle, International) in elite female footballers and 2) compare ECG data at three different stages of a competitive season. METHODS: Eighty-one elite female footballers (21±4 yr) completed a medical assessment, anthropometrics, resting blood pressure and a resting 12-lead ECG. Each 12-lead ECG was interpreted in accordance with 1) ESC; 2) Seattle; 3) International Criteria to determine training-related and non-training related ECG changes. A subset of thirteen (26±4 yr) footballers had repeated resting ECG tests at three time points across the competitive season. RESULTS: Eighty percent of females had training-related ECG patterns. Sinus bradycardia (65%) and early repolarization (42%) were the most common. Using the ESC Criteria 25% (20/81) of the athletes were considered to have an abnormal ECG, compared to 0% using the Seattle and International Criteria, mainly due to alterations in QT length criteria. There were no clinically significant differences in ECG data across a competitive season. CONCLUSION: The Seattle and International ECG Criteria significantly reduced the number of ECG false-positives in elite female footballers and the time point of PPS within a competitive season is unlikely to alter the PPS outcome.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	This is an Accepted Manuscript version of the following article, accepted for publication in European Journal of Sport Science. Barbara Morrison,Aleah Mohammad, David Oxborough, John Somauroo, Sarah Lindsay, Aimee L. Dranel. The 12-lead electrocardiogram of the elite female footballer as defined by different interpretation criteria across the competitive season. European Journal of Sport Science. Accepted author version posted online: 10 Aug 2021, Published online: 22 Aug 2021. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2021.1966103. It is deposited under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	0913 Mechanical Engineering, 1106 Human Movement and Sports Sciences
Subjects:	R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC1200 Sports Medicine
Divisions:	Sport & Exercise Sciences
Publisher:	Taylor & Francis
Related URLs:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34374331
Date Deposited:	25 Aug 2021 11:51
Last Modified:	22 Aug 2022 00:50
DOI or ID number:	10.1080/17461391.2021.1966103
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/15379

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