Biomineralisation to Increase Earth Infrastructure Resilience.

Brás, A ORCID: 0000-0002-6292-2073, Mohammed, H, Romano, A ORCID: 0000-0001-6016-8882 and Nakouti, I ORCID: 0000-0001-9438-6300 (2022) Biomineralisation to Increase Earth Infrastructure Resilience. Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 15 (7). ISSN 1996-1944

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Abstract

The vulnerability of buildings and structures to rain and flooding due to a lack of adaptive capacity is an issue all over the world. Exploring the bio-resources availability and engineering performance is crucial to increase infrastructure's resilience. The current study analyses earth-based mortars using mineral precipitation as a biostabiliser (bio) and compares their performance with cement-based mortars. Cultures of <i>S. oneidensis</i> with a concentration of 2.3 × 10⁸ cfu/mL were used to prepare earth-based and cement-based mortars with a ratio of 6% of binder. Microstructure analyses through SEM/EDS, water absorption, moisture buffering, mechanical strength, and porosity are discussed. The biostabiliser decreases water absorption in tidal-splash and saturated environments for earth and cement mortars due to calcium carbonate precipitation. The biostabiliser can prevent water migration more effectively for the cement-based (60% reduction) than for the earth-based mortars (up to 10% reduction) in the first 1 h of contact with water. In an adsorption/desorption environment, the conditions favour desorption in cem+bio, and it seems that the biostabiliser precipitation facilitates the release of the chemicals into the mobile phase. The precipitation in the earth+bio mortar porous media conditions favours the adsorption of water molecules, making the molecule adhere to the stationary phase and be separated from the other sample chemicals. The SEM/EDS performed for the mortars confirms the calcium carbonate precipitation and shows that there is a decrease in the quantity of Si and K if the biostabiliser is used in cement and earth-mortars. This decrease, associated with the ability of <i>S. oneidensis</i> to leach silica, is more impressive for earth+bio, which might be associated with a dissolution of silicate structures due to the presence of more water. For the tested earth-based mortars, there was an increase of 10% for compressive and flexural strength if the biostabiliser was added. For the cement-based mortars, the strength increase was almost double that of the plain one due to the clay surface negative charge in the earth-based compositions.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	biological methods; cement; earth; infrastructure; self-healing; 03 Chemical Sciences; 09 Engineering
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TH Building construction
Divisions:	Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences
Publisher:	MDPI AG
Date of acceptance:	23 March 2022
Date of first compliant Open Access:	22 April 2022
Date Deposited:	22 Apr 2022 13:20
Last Modified:	05 Jul 2025 16:30
DOI or ID number:	10.3390/ma15072490
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/16683

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