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An Hα survey of the host environments of 77 type IIn supernovae within z < 0.02

Ransome, C, Habergham Mawson, S, Darnley, MJ, James, PA and Percival, SM (2022) An Hα survey of the host environments of 77 type IIn supernovae within z < 0.02. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 513 (3). pp. 3564-3576. ISSN 0035-8711

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Abstract

Type IIn supernovae (SNe\,IIn) are an uncommon and highly heterogeneous class of SN where the SN ejecta interact with pre-existing circumstellar media (CSM). Previous studies have found a mass ladder in terms of the association of the SN location with H$\alpha$ emission and the progenitor masses of SN classes. In this paper, we present the largest environmental study of SNe\,IIn. We analyse the H$\alpha$ environments of 77 type IIn supernovae using continuum subtracted H$\alpha$ images. We use the pixel statistics technique, normalised cumulative ranking (NCR), to associate SN pixels with H$\alpha$ emission. We find that our 77 SNe\,IIn do not follow the H$\alpha$ emission. This is not consistent with the proposed progenitors of SNe\,IIn, luminous blue variables (LBVs) as LBVs are high mass stars that undergo dramatic episodic mass loss. However, a subset of the NCR values follow the H$\alpha$ emission, suggesting a population of high mass progenitors. This suggests there may be multiple progenitor paths with $\sim$60\% having non-zero NCR values with a distribution consistent with high mass progenitors such as LBVs and $\sim$40\% of these SNe not being associated with H$\alpha$ emission. We discuss the possible progenitor routes of SNe\,IIn, especially for the zero NCR value population. We also investigate the radial distribution of the SNe in their hosts in terms of H$\alpha$ and $r'$-band flux.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: This article has been accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society ©: 2022 The Authors Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
Uncontrolled Keywords: astro-ph.HE; astro-ph.HE; astro-ph.SR
Subjects: Q Science > QB Astronomy
Q Science > QC Physics
Divisions: Astrophysics Research Institute
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Related URLs:
SWORD Depositor: A Symplectic
Date Deposited: 22 Apr 2022 13:55
Last Modified: 07 Jun 2022 13:30
DOI or ID number: 10.1093/mnras/stac1093
URI: https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/16684
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