Johnson, KO, Shannon, OM, Matu, J, Holliday, A, Ispoglou, T and Deighton, K (2019) Differences in circulating appetite-related hormone concentrations between younger and older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 32 (7). pp. 1233-1244.

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Abstract

Ageing is associated with reduced appetite and energy intakes. However, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are not fully understood. This systematic review and meta-analysis quantified differences in circulating concentrations of appetite-related hormones between healthy older and younger adults. Six databases were searched through 12th June 2018 for studies that compared appetite-related hormone concentrations between older and younger adults. Data were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis and are presented as standardised mean difference (Hedges’ g) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Thirty-five studies were included involving 710 older adults (mean ± SD; age: 73 ± 5 years) and 713 younger adults (age: 28 ± 7 years). Compared with younger adults, older adults exhibited higher fasted and postprandial concentrations of the anorectic hormones cholecystokinin (Fasted: SMD 0.41 (95% CI 0.24, 0.57); p < 0.001. Postprandial: SMD 0.41 (0.20, 0.62); p < 0.001), leptin [Fasted: SMD 1.23 (0.15, 2.30); p = 0.025. Postprandial: SMD 0.62 (0.23, 1.01); p = 0.002] and insulin [Fasted: SMD 0.24 (− 0.02, 0.50); p = 0.073. Postprandial: SMD 0.16 (0.01, 0.32); p = 0.043]. Higher postprandial concentrations of peptide-YY were also observed in older adults compared with younger adults [SMD 0.31 (− 0.03, 0.65); p = 0.075]. Compared with younger adults, older adults had lower energy intakes [SMD − 0.98 (− 1.74, − 0.22); p = 0.011], and lower hunger perceptions in the fasted [SMD − 1.00 (− 1.54, − 0.46); p < 0.001] and postprandial states [SMD − 0.31, (− 0.64, 0.02); p = 0.064]. Higher circulating concentrations of insulin, leptin, cholecystokinin and peptide-YY accord with reduced appetite and energy intakes in healthy older adults. Interventions to reduce circulating levels of these hormones may be beneficial for combatting the anorexia of ageing.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	1103 Clinical Sciences; 1117 Public Health and Health Services; 1702 Cognitive Sciences; Geriatrics
Subjects:	T Technology > TX Home economics > TX341 Nutrition. Foods and food supply R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC1200 Sports Medicine
Divisions:	Sport & Exercise Sciences
Publisher:	Springer
SWORD Depositor:	A Symplectic
Date Deposited:	21 Dec 2022 15:18
Last Modified:	21 Dec 2022 15:18
DOI or ID number:	10.1007/s40520-019-01292-6
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/18496

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