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Physical loading in professional soccer players: Implications for contemporary guidelines to encompass carbohydrate periodization

Anderson, L, Drust, B, Close, GL and Morton, JP (2022) Physical loading in professional soccer players: Implications for contemporary guidelines to encompass carbohydrate periodization. Journal of Sports Sciences, 40 (9). pp. 1000-1019. ISSN 0264-0414

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Open Access URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2022.2044135 (Published version)

Abstract

Despite more than four decades of research examining the physical demands of match-play, quantification of the customary training loads of adult male professional soccer players is comparatively recent. The training loads experienced by players during weekly micro-cycles are influenced by phase of season, player position, frequency of games, player starting status, player-specific training goals and club coaching philosophy. From a macronutrient perspective, the periodization of physical loading within (i.e., match versus training days) and between contrasting micro-cycles (e.g., 1, 2 or 3 games per week schedules) has implications for daily carbohydrate (CHO) requirements. Indeed, aside from the well-recognised role of muscle glycogen as the predominant energy source during match-play, it is now recognised that the glycogen granule may exert regulatory roles in activating or attenuating the molecular machinery that modulate skeletal muscle adaptations to training. With this in mind, the concept of CHO periodization is gaining in popularity, whereby CHO intake is adjusted day-by-day and meal-by-meal according to the fuelling demands and specific goals of the upcoming session. On this basis, the present paper provides a contemporary overview and theoretical framework for which to periodize CHO availability for the professional soccer player according to the “fuel for the work” paradigm.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: CONCURRENT EXERCISE; football; Glycogen; GLYCOGEN AVAILABILITY; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; MATCH PERFORMANCE; PGC-1-ALPHA MESSENGER-RNA; PROLONGED EXERCISE; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; RESISTANCE EXERCISE; Science & Technology; skeletal muscle; SKELETAL-MUSCLE HYPERTROPHY; soccer; Sport Sciences; TECHNICAL PROFILES; training adaptation; TRAINING-LOAD; Science & Technology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; Sport Sciences; Glycogen; training adaptation; football; soccer; skeletal muscle; SKELETAL-MUSCLE HYPERTROPHY; PGC-1-ALPHA MESSENGER-RNA; GLYCOGEN AVAILABILITY; RESISTANCE EXERCISE; CONCURRENT EXERCISE; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; TRAINING-LOAD; PROLONGED EXERCISE; TECHNICAL PROFILES; MATCH PERFORMANCE; Humans; Glycogen; Dietary Carbohydrates; Seasons; Soccer; Adult; Male; Glycogen; football; skeletal muscle; soccer; training adaptation; Adult; Dietary Carbohydrates; Glycogen; Humans; Male; Seasons; Soccer; 1106 Human Movement and Sports Sciences; 1302 Curriculum and Pedagogy; Sport Sciences
Subjects: R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC1200 Sports Medicine
Divisions: Sport & Exercise Sciences
Publisher: Taylor and Francis
SWORD Depositor: A Symplectic
Date Deposited: 31 Jan 2023 11:50
Last Modified: 31 Jan 2023 12:00
DOI or ID number: 10.1080/02640414.2022.2044135
URI: https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/18772
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