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Wilson, G, Langan-Evans, C, Martin, D, Kasper, AM, Morton, JP and Close, GL (2023) Longitudinal Changes in Body Composition and Resting Metabolic Rate in Male Professional Flat Jockeys: Preliminary Outcomes and Implications for Future Research Directions. International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism, 33 (3). pp. 161-168. ISSN 1526-484X
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SECOND Revision G Wilson et al jockey study main document.pdf - Accepted Version Download (308kB) | Preview |
Abstract
Jockeys are unique given that they make weight daily and, therefore, often resort to fasting and dehydration. Through increasing daily food frequency (during energy deficit), we have reported short-term improvements in jockey's body composition. While these changes were observed over 6-12 weeks with food provided, it is unclear whether such improvements can be maintained over an extended period during free-living conditions. We, therefore, assessed jockeys over 5 years using dual X-ray absorptiometry, resting metabolic rate, and hydration measurements. Following dietary and exercise advice, jockeys reduced fat mass from baseline of 7.1 ± 1.4 kg to 6.1 ± 0.7 kg and 6.1 ± 0.6 kg (p < .001) at Years 1 and 5, respectively. In addition, fat-free mass was maintained with resting metabolic rate increasing significantly from 1,500 ± 51 kcal/day at baseline to 1,612 ± 95 kcal/day and 1,620 ± 92 kcal/day (p < .001) at Years 1 and 5, respectively. Urine osmolality reduced from 816 ± 236 mOsmol/L at baseline to 564 ± 175 mOsmol/L and 524 ± 156 mOsmol/L (p < .001) at Years 1 and 5, respectively. The percent of jockeys consuming a regular breakfast significantly increased from 48% at baseline to 83% (p = .009) and 87% (p = .003) at Years 1 and 5, alongside regular lunch from 35% to 92% (p < .001) and 96% (p < .001) from baseline to Years 1 and 5, respectively. In conclusion, we report that improved body composition can be maintained in free-living jockeys over a 5-year period when appropriate guidance has been provided.
| Item Type: | Article |
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| Additional Information: | Accepted author manuscript version reprinted, by permission, from International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism, 2023, 33,3: 161-168, https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2022-0229. © Human Kinetics, Inc. |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | RMR; hydration; meal frequency; 1106 Human Movement and Sports Sciences; 1116 Medical Physiology; Sport Sciences |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TX Home economics > TX341 Nutrition. Foods and food supply R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC1200 Sports Medicine G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GV Recreation Leisure > GV561 Sports |
| Divisions: | Sport & Exercise Sciences |
| Publisher: | Human Kinetics |
| SWORD Depositor: | A Symplectic |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Mar 2023 09:13 |
| Last Modified: | 16 May 2023 09:00 |
| DOI or ID number: | 10.1123/ijsnem.2022-0229 |
| URI: | https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/19179 |
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