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Moore, E, Patanwala, I, Jafari, A, Davies, IG, Kirwan, R, Newson, L, Mazidi, M and Lane, KE (2023) A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials to evaluate plant-based omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patient biomarkers and paramete. Nutrition Reviews. ISSN 0029-6643
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A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials to evaluate plant-based omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.pdf - Published Version Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives. Download (2MB) | Preview |
Abstract
Context: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is prevalent in 25-30% of British and European populations representing a potential global public health crisis. Marine omega-3 (n- 3) polyunsaturated fatty acids offer well-evidenced benefits to NAFLD biomarkers, however the effect of plant-based n-3 has not been evaluated with a systematic review and meta-analysis. Objective: We aimed to systematically evaluate the effect of plant-based n-3 supplementation on NAFLD surrogate biomarkers and parameters. Data Sources: Medline (EBSCO), PubMed, CINAHL (EBSCO), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and Google Scholar databases were searched to identify randomised controlled trials published between January 1970 to March 2022 evaluating the impact of plant-based n-3 interventions on diagnosed NAFLD. The review followed PRISMA checklist and is PROSPERO registered (CRD42021251980).
Data Extraction: A random effects model and generic inverse variance methods synthesized quantitative data, followed by a leave-one-out method for sensitivity analysis. We identified 986 articles, after the application of selection criteria six studies remained with 362 NAFLD
patients. Results: The meta-analysis showed plant-based n-3 fatty acid supplementation significantly reduced alanine aminotransferase (ALT), (mean difference (MD) -8.04 IU/L; (95% CI-14.70- 1.38), I2 = 48.61%) and plasma/serum triglycerides (TG) -44.51 mg/dL; (95% CI: - 76.93, - 12.08), I2 = 69.93%), alongside body composition markers in NAFLD patients (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Plant-based n-3 fatty acid supplementation improves ALT enzyme biomarkers, TG, body mass index, waist circumference and weight loss when combined with lifestyle interventions to increase physical activity and a calorie-controlled diet. Further research is needed to identify the most effective plant-based n-3 sources in larger numbers of NAFLD patients over longer study durations.
| Item Type: | Article |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | 11 Medical and Health Sciences; 17 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TX Home economics > TX341 Nutrition. Foods and food supply R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine |
| Divisions: | Psychology (from Sep 2019) Sport & Exercise Sciences |
| Publisher: | Oxford University Press |
| SWORD Depositor: | A Symplectic |
| Date Deposited: | 25 May 2023 11:54 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Jun 2023 11:45 |
| DOI or ID number: | 10.1093/nutrit/nuad054 |
| URI: | https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/19254 |
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