Morrison, BN, Campbell, AJ, Coté, AT, Mohammad, A, Sambrook, L, Robinson, G, George, K and Oxborough, D (2023) Three-Dimensional-Derived Echocardiographic Left Ventricular Structure and Function and Indices from the 12-Lead Electrocardiogram across the Menstrual Cycle in Healthy Physically Active Females: An Exploratory Study. Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease, 10 (8). p. 331. ISSN 2308-3425

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Abstract

Background: The impact of the menstrual phases on left ventricular (LV) structure and function using 3D echocardiography and resting electrocardiogram (ECG) in healthy, eumenorrheic, and physically active females has not been investigated. Methods: sixteen females (20 y ± 2) underwent 3D echocardiography and an ECG at three time points in the menstrual cycle phases (follicular, ovulation, luteal). LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDVi), LV ejection fraction (LVEF), LV mass allometrically indexed to height2.7 (LVMi), torsion, and global longitudinal, circumferential, and radial strain (GLS, GCS, and GRS) were evaluated. ECG data of the P and QRS waves were presented as well as axis deviation, chamber enlargement, and any rhythm abnormalities. Results: LVMi was significantly higher in the luteal phase (36.4 g/m2.7 ± 3.3) compared to the follicular (35.0 g/m2.7 ± 3.7) and ovulation (34.7 g/m2.7 ± 4.3) phases (p = 0.026). There were no differences in other indices of LV structure and function or ECG variables across all phases of the menstrual cycle or evidence of arrhythmia. Conclusions: In physically active females, there is a small but significantly higher LVMi associated with the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle with no concomitant change in LV function or ECG parameters. These findings are important to consider when conducting clinical or research serial assessments.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	echocardiography; electrocardiogram; eumenorrhea; left ventricular function; left ventricular structure; menstrual cycle
Subjects:	B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC1200 Sports Medicine
Divisions:	Psychology (from Sep 2019) Sport & Exercise Sciences Vice-Chancellor's Office
Publisher:	MDPI AG
SWORD Depositor:	A Symplectic
Date Deposited:	11 Sep 2023 10:33
Last Modified:	11 Sep 2023 10:33
DOI or ID number:	10.3390/jcdd10080331
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/21377

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