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Gilpin, V, Smith, RB, Birkett, JW and Davis, J (2024) How 3D printing technologies could undermine law enforcement strategies targeting the production and distribution of designer drugs. Science and Justice, 64 (6). pp. 677-687. ISSN 1355-0306
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How 3D printing technologies could undermine law enforcement strategies targeting the production and distribution of designer drug.pdf - Published Version Available under License Creative Commons Attribution. Download (6MB) | Preview |
Abstract
Countering the supply of counterfeit and designer drug pills laced with fentanyl or its analogues has long been a challenge with the potency of the drug and the ease with which it can be obtained impacting greatly on families and the wider society. The introduction of legislative measures to restrict access to the machinery that allows the production of the pills has yielded considerable gains with numerous seizures of pill presses reported. However, the increasing availability of bench top milling machines and advances in 3D printing could render this a short term victory where the technology may be set to outpace the capabilities of conventional law enforcement. While pill presses were once born from high specification industrial machining, low cost mills and 3D printing systems are already at the stage of producing small format presses within the domestic home. Here, a spotlight is trained on fentanyl (and its analogues) from the perspective of pill manufacture and their supply. An overview of pill press mechanics and the approaches presently taken to counter distribution is provided and the potential influence that both milling systems and 3D printing technologies could have in the future is critically evaluated.
| Item Type: | Article |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Humans; Fentanyl; Designer Drugs; Law Enforcement; Printing, Three-Dimensional; 3D Printing; CNC Milling; Counterfeit Pills; Fentanyl; Pill Press; Printing, Three-Dimensional; Humans; Fentanyl; Designer Drugs; Law Enforcement; 3 Good Health and Well Being; Printing, Three-Dimensional; Humans; Fentanyl; Designer Drugs; Law Enforcement; Legal & Forensic Medicine |
| Subjects: | K Law > K Law (General) R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica T Technology > T Technology (General) |
| Divisions: | Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences |
| Publisher: | Elsevier BV |
| SWORD Depositor: | A Symplectic |
| Date Deposited: | 16 Dec 2024 15:53 |
| Last Modified: | 16 Dec 2024 16:00 |
| DOI or ID number: | 10.1016/j.scijus.2024.10.004 |
| URI: | https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/25102 |
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