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Green, DJ, Hopkins, ND, Jones, H, Thijssen, DHJ, Eijsvogels, TM and Yeap, BB (2015) Sex differences in vascular endothelial function and health in humans: Impacts of exercise. Experimental Physiology. ISSN 1469-445X
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Exp Physiol Review August Nov 2015 [1].pdf - Accepted Version Download (948kB) | Preview |
Abstract
This brief review presents historical evidence for the purported impacts of male and female sex hormones on the vasculature in humans, including effects on macro- and micro-vascular function and health. Impacts of aging on hormonal changes and artery function are considered in the context of the menopause. Physiological data are presented alongside clinical outcomes from large trials, in an attempt to rationalise disparate findings along the bench-to-bedside continuum. Finally, the theoretical likelihood that exercise and hormone treatment may induce synergistic and/or additive vascular adaptations is developed in the context of recent laboratory studies that have compared male and female responses to training. Differences between men and women in terms of the impact of age and cardiorespiratory fitness on endothelial function are addressed. Ultimately, this review highlights the paucity of high quality and compelling evidence regarding the fundamental impact, in humans, of sex differences on arterial function and the moderating impacts of exercise on arterial function, adaptation and health at different ages in either sex. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
| Item Type: | Article |
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| Additional Information: | This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: "Sex differences in vascular endothelial function and health in humans: Impacts of exercise", which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/EP085367. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving. |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | 0606 Physiology, 1116 Medical Physiology, 1106 Human Movement And Sports Science |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC1200 Sports Medicine |
| Divisions: | Sport & Exercise Sciences |
| Publisher: | Wiley |
| Related URLs: | |
| Date Deposited: | 13 Jan 2016 12:52 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Sep 2021 13:40 |
| DOI or ID number: | 10.1113/EP085367 |
| URI: | https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/2580 |
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