Chronotype predicts BMI via emotion regulation strategy use and emotional eating

Keenan, G, Hosseni, S and Bendall, R (2025) Chronotype predicts BMI via emotion regulation strategy use and emotional eating. Brain and Behavior, 15 (5). pp. 1-9. ISSN 2162-3279

Preview

Text Chronotype Predicts Body Mass Index via Emotion Regulation Strategy Use and Emotional.pdf - Published Version Available under License Creative Commons Attribution. Download (320kB) | Preview

Abstract

Introduction: Rates of obesity are increasing across all regions representing a critical public health concern. An evening chronotype has been associated with elevated body mass index and a less nutritious diet. However, the mechanisms underpinning the relationship between chronotype and body mass index remain unclear. The aim of the current study was to investigate if chronotype is indirectly associated with body mass index via emotion regulation strategy use and emotional eating. Method: Participants completed the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire to assess chronotype, the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire to assess habitual emotion regulation strategy use, the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale to assess mental well-being, and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire to provide a measure of emotional eating. Participants reported their weight and height to allow body mass index to be calculated. Structural equation modeling tested the predicted indirect association between chronotype and body mass index via emotion regulation strategy use and emotional eating. Results: Chronotype was indirectly associated with body mass index via emotion regulation strategy use and emotional eating. As predicted, individuals with an evening chronotype tended to report greater use of expressive suppression, which was associated with a greater tendency to emotionally eat and a higher body mass index (p = 0.008). In contrast, individuals with a morning chronotype reported more frequent use of cognitive reappraisal, which was associated with reduced emotional eating and a lower body mass index (p = 0.003). The direct pathway between chronotype and body mass index was non-significant (p = 0.821). Conclusion: These findings suggest a clear pathway through which chronotype might be associated with body mass index, with evening chronotypes at a greater risk of weight gain. Our results suggest that it is not the independent influence of emotion regulation strategy use or emotional eating on its own that is important in the association between chronotype and body mass index, but the combined sequential effect of a general tendency towards an emotion regulation strategy and then the impact this has upon emotional eating that is important. The findings highlight the importance of considering emotion regulation strategy use and emotional eating when designing interventions or therapies aimed at reducing obesity.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	5203 Clinical and Health Psychology; 52 Psychology; Obesity; Mental Health; Clinical Research; Nutrition; Behavioral and Social Science; Mind and Body; 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors; 3 Good Health and Well Being; Humans; Body Mass Index; Female; Male; Adult; Emotional Regulation; Feeding Behavior; Young Adult; Emotions; Circadian Rhythm; Eating; Adolescent; Surveys and Questionnaires; Obesity; Emotional Eating; Chronotype
Subjects:	B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology T Technology > TX Home economics > TX341 Nutrition. Foods and food supply
Divisions:	Psychology (from Sep 2019)
Publisher:	Wiley
Date of acceptance:	20 April 2025
Date of first compliant Open Access:	20 May 2025
Date Deposited:	20 May 2025 10:46
Last Modified:	20 May 2025 11:00
DOI or ID number:	10.1002/brb3.70542
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/26385

View Item