The rising tide of conservation technology: empowering the fight against poaching and unsustainable wildlife harvest

Lyman, A, Cronin, D.T., Wich, S, Steward, J, Howe, A, Kolla, N, Markovina, M, Torrico, O, Reyes, V, Sophalrachana, K, Stevens, X, Schmidt, E and Cox, H (2025) The rising tide of conservation technology: empowering the fight against poaching and unsustainable wildlife harvest. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 13.

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Abstract

Introduction: Market-driven poaching and unsustainable wildlife harvest are significant drivers of population decline for numerous plant and animal species, including high-profile species like Asian and African elephants, wild cats, sharks and rays, and pangolins. This publication reviews the emerging role of conservation technology in combating this trade. Technologies and applications: We showcase how innovative technological tools are revolutionizing the detection and disruption of illegal and unsustainable wildlife trade, with a focus on those available to frontline staff working to prevent poaching and trafficking from source sites. We consider a diverse array of deployed technologies ranging from open-source software platforms, AI, and mobile apps to cutting-edge hardware, including camera traps, acoustic sensors, and remote sensing tools. Case studies: To demonstrate the complex threats posed by IUWT to wildlife and the consequent need for tailored solutions, we present two case studies, one terrestrial and one marine, showcasing the importance of appropriate suites of technology tools for conservation implementation. Discussion: Technology has potential to empower rangers, park staff, wildlife and fisheries inspectors, customs officials, police, and conservation practitioners with unprecedented capabilities to monitor threatened wildlife, detect illegal activities, gather evidence, and support law enforcement interventions.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	0602 Ecology; 0603 Evolutionary Biology; 3103 Ecology; 3104 Evolutionary biology; 4102 Ecological applications
Subjects:	G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences T Technology > T Technology (General)
Divisions:	Biological and Environmental Sciences (from Sep 19)
Publisher:	Frontiers Media
Date of acceptance:	7 April 2025
Date of first compliant Open Access:	27 May 2025
Date Deposited:	27 May 2025 10:11
Last Modified:	27 May 2025 10:15
DOI or ID number:	10.3389/fevo.2025.1527976
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/26421

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