A 360° Perspective on Cardiovascular Prevention: the International Lipid Expert Panel SiMple tIps for the heaLthy hEart (ILEP-SMILE)

Banach, M, Fogacci, F, Atanasov, AG, Pantea Stoian, A, Jóźwiak, J, Bytyci, I, Pećin, I, Katsiki, N, Mazidi, M, Gouni-Berthold, I, Penson, PE ORCID: 0000-0001-6763-1489, Gaita, D and Cicero, AFG (2025) A 360° Perspective on Cardiovascular Prevention: the International Lipid Expert Panel SiMple tIps for the heaLthy hEart (ILEP-SMILE). Archives of Medical Science. ISSN 1734-1922

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Abstract

Despite decades of research into lifestyle factors and medications, we still cannot effectively prevent the occurrence of ASCVD and its complications. Yet, only a small percentage of the healthcare budget is allocated to prevention, and only a few nations have introduced integrated programmes in primary prevention to promote health education, invest in health as early as possible, and prevent CVD events. The ILEP SiMple tIps for the heaLthy hEart (ILEP-SMILE) responds to this significant ineffectiveness by offering the most comprehensive population approach, including early, effective education, improvement of all recognised risk factors, alongside those that remain frequently unmeasured, such as lipoprotein(a), those often overlooked such as sleep disturbances and alcohol consumption, and the challenging aspect of stress, and its effect on cardiovascular health. Finally, ILEP-SMILE places considerable emphasis on adherence as a result of education; without it, even efficient lifestyle changes and innovative drugs may not yield the expected outcomes.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	32 Biomedical and Clinical Sciences; 3202 Clinical Sciences; Heart Disease; Prevention; Cardiovascular; Behavioral and Social Science; 3.1 Primary prevention interventions to modify behaviours or promote wellbeing; Cardiovascular; 3 Good Health and Well Being; 1103 Clinical Sciences; General & Internal Medicine; 3202 Clinical sciences
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology
Divisions:	Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences
Publisher:	Termedia Publishing
Date of acceptance:	29 May 2025
Date of first compliant Open Access:	1 July 2025
Date Deposited:	01 Jul 2025 12:10
Last Modified:	03 Jul 2025 12:45
DOI or ID number:	10.5114/aoms/205732
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/26680

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