Dynamic time course of muscle proteome adaptation to programmed resistance training in rats

Stead, CA ORCID: 0000-0001-8503-8881, Hesketh, SJ ORCID: 0000-0001-7855-2380, Thomas, ACQ ORCID: 0009-0003-4985-586X, Viggars, MR, Sutherland, H ORCID: 0000-0002-5570-1379, Jarvis, JC ORCID: 0000-0001-8982-6279 and Burniston, JG ORCID: 0000-0001-7303-9318 Dynamic time course of muscle proteome adaptation to programmed resistance training in rats. American Journal of Physiology: Cell physiology. ISSN 0363-6143

Text Dynamic time course of muscle proteome adaptation to programmed resistance training in rats.pdf - Accepted Version Access Restricted Download (3MB)

Abstract

Resistance training promotes muscle protein accretion and myofiber hypertrophy, driven by dynamic processes of protein synthesis and degradation. Muscle adaptations to on going resistance training occur over weeks but most molecular knowledge on the process of adaptation is derived from static measurements at specific time points, which do not capture the dynamics of the adaptation process. To address this, we utilised deuterium oxide labelling and peptide mass spectrometry to quantify absolute protein content (grams) and synthesis rates (grams/ day) in skeletal muscle during a timeseries experimental design. A daily programmed resistance training regimen was applied to male rat tibialis anterior via electrical stimulation of the left hind limb for 10, 20, and 30 days (5 sets of 10 repetitions daily). Muscle samples from stimulated and contralateral control limbs were analysed, quantifying 658 protein abundances and 215 protein synthesis rates. Unsupervised temporal clustering of protein responses revealed distinct phases of muscle adaptation. The early (0-10 days) response was driven by greater rates of ribosomal protein accretion and the mid (10-20 days) response by expansion of mitochondrial networks. These findings highlight that subsets of proteins exhibit distinct adaptation timelines due to variations in translation and/or degradation rates. The new understanding of temporal patterns highlighted by our dynamic proteomic data help interpret static data from studies at isolated time points and could improve the development of strategies for optimising muscle growth and functional adaptation to resistance training.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Deuterium Oxide; Exercise; Protein Synthesis; Proteomics; Skeletal Muscle; 3101 Biochemistry and Cell Biology; 3208 Medical Physiology; 32 Biomedical and Clinical Sciences; 31 Biological Sciences; Rehabilitation; Musculoskeletal; 0601 Biochemistry and Cell Biology; 0606 Physiology; 1116 Medical Physiology; Physiology; 3101 Biochemistry and cell biology; 3208 Medical physiology
Subjects:	R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC1200 Sports Medicine
Divisions:	Sport and Exercise Sciences
Publisher:	American Physiological Society
Date of acceptance:	13 October 2025
Date Deposited:	04 Nov 2025 10:58
Last Modified:	04 Nov 2025 11:00
DOI or ID number:	10.1152/ajpcell.00254.2025
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/27479

View Item