A systematic literature review of Human-Machine Cooperation in Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships

Xiang, J, Blanco-Davis, E ORCID: 0000-0001-8080-4997, Xin, X ORCID: 0000-0002-1478-2037, Li, H ORCID: 0000-0002-4293-4763, Hifi, N, Wang, J ORCID: 0000-0003-4646-9106 and Yang, Z ORCID: 0000-0003-1385-493X (2025) A systematic literature review of Human-Machine Cooperation in Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships. Autonomous Transportation Research. ISSN 3050-8622

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Abstract

This study presents a systematic critical literature review examining the core technologies in Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships through the lens of Human-Machine Cooperation. Existing reviews primarily focus on technical performance, whereas this work emphasises how technological advancements are reshaping seafarer roles by shifting them from onboard operators and decision-makers to remote supervisors and collaborative partners. Furthermore, the review identifies key research gaps in current Human-Machine Cooperation practices, such as the lack of transparency, inadequate operator training, and limited human-centred design. To address these challenges, it proposes targeted recommendations and strategic insights. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of human-autonomy interaction and offer strategic directions for designing future MASS systems that are both technologically advanced and human-aware.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	46 Information and Computing Sciences; 4608 Human-Centred Computing; 40 Engineering
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering
Divisions:	Engineering
Publisher:	Elsevier BV
Date of acceptance:	20 October 2025
Date of first compliant Open Access:	23 December 2025
Date Deposited:	23 Dec 2025 09:18
Last Modified:	23 Dec 2025 09:18
DOI or ID number:	10.1016/j.atres.2025.10.001
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/27770

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