Resilience assessment: Insights from port community structures across the global container shipping network

Xin, X and Yang, Z ORCID: 0000-0003-1385-493X (2025) Resilience assessment: Insights from port community structures across the global container shipping network. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 265. ISSN 0951-8320

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Abstract

Assessing resilience of the Global Container Shipping Network (GCSN) is crucial for bolstering its preparedness against various disruptions. Despite the growing prominence of regionalization within the GCSN, the precise impact mechanism of this trend on network resilience remains largely unexplored. To address this gap, this study introduces a new methodology for assessing the GCSN resilience from a community-based perspective. Initially, a directed-weighted GCSN is constructed utilizing global container shipping service data, facilitating the fine-grained identification of overlapping community structures through Symmetric Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (SNMF). Subsequently, six innovative community-based resilience metrics are devised, accounting for network directionality and link weight, thereby enabling a reliable assessment of community networks' capacity to maintain both connection efficiency and extent across different community dimensions. Various disruption scenarios, incorporating different disruption dimensions, attacked port characteristics, and disruption types, are designed to thoroughly evaluate community resilience. Experimental results reveal that 10 identified communities maintain strong intra-community connections but are highly vulnerable to disruptions at intra-community hub ports. These disruptions potentially lead to significant resilience degradation and network collapse, especially under targeted cumulative attacks. Consequently, this research contributes new insights into the mechanisms of community-based shipping network resilience and informs strategic decision-making to mitigate various disruption risks.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Resilience assessment; Global container shipping network; Directed-weighted network; Community structure; Port disruption; 35 Commerce, Management, Tourism and Services; 3507 Strategy, Management and Organisational Behaviour; 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities; 01 Mathematical Sciences; 09 Engineering; 15 Commerce, Management, Tourism and Services; Strategic, Defence & Security Studies; 35 Commerce, management, tourism and services; 40 Engineering; 49 Mathematical sciences
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Divisions:	Civil Engineering and Built Environment
Publisher:	Elsevier
Date of acceptance:	21 July 2025
Date of first compliant Open Access:	5 August 2026
Date Deposited:	05 Aug 2026 14:14
Last Modified:	05 Aug 2026 14:14
DOI or ID number:	10.1016/j.ress.2025.111489
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/29113

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