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Merchant, Z, Buckton, G, Taylor, KMG, Stapleton, P, Saleem, IY, Zariwala, MG and Somavarapu, S (2016) A New Era of Pulmonary Delivery of Nano-antimicrobial Therapeutics to Treat Chronic Pulmonary Infections. CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN, 22 (17). pp. 2577-2598. ISSN 1381-6128
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Abstract
Pulmonary infections may be fatal especially in immunocompromised patients and patients with underlying pulmonary dysfunction, such as those with cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, etc. According to the WHO, lower respiratory tract infections ranked first amongst the leading causes of death in 2012, and tuberculosis was included in the top 10 causes of death in low income countries, placing a considerable strain on their economies and healthcare systems. Eradication of lower respiratory infections is arduous, leading to high healthcare costs and requiring higher doses of antibiotics to reach optimal concentrations at the site of pulmonary infection for protracted periods. Hence direct inhalation to the respiratory epithelium has been investigated extensively in the past decade, and seems to be an attractive approach to eradicate and hence overcome this widespread problem. Moreover, engineering inhalation formulations wherein the antibiotics are encapsulated within nanoscale carriers could serve to overcome many of the limitations faced by conventional antibiotics, like difficulty in treating intracellular pathogens such as mycobacteria spp. and salmonella spp., biofilmassociated pathogens like Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, passage through the sputum associated with disorders like cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, systemic side effects following oral/parenteral delivery and inadequate concentrations of antibiotic at the site of infection leading to resistance. Encapsulation of antibiotics in nanocarriers may help in providing a protective environment to combat antibiotic degradation, confer controlled-release properties, hence reducing dosing frequency, and may increase uptake via specific and non-specific targeting modalities. Hence nanotechnology combined with direct administration to the airways using commercially available delivery devices, is a highly attractive formulation strategy to eradicate microorganisms from the lower respiratory tract, which might otherwise present opportunities for multi-drug resistance.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | 1115 Pharmacology And Pharmaceutical Sciences |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica |
| Divisions: | Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences |
| Publisher: | BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD |
| Related URLs: | |
| Date Deposited: | 19 Oct 2016 08:21 |
| Last Modified: | 03 Sep 2021 20:54 |
| DOI or ID number: | 10.2174/1381612822666160317142139 |
| URI: | https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/4642 |
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A New Era of Pulmonary Delivery of Nano-antimicrobial Therapeutics to Treat Chronic Pulmonary Infections. (deposited 17 Jun 2016 08:33)
- A New Era of Pulmonary Delivery of Nano-antimicrobial Therapeutics to Treat Chronic Pulmonary Infections. (deposited 19 Oct 2016 08:21) [Currently Displayed]
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