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Brandt, SD, Kavanagh, PV, Westphal, F, Elliott, SP, Wallach, J, Stratford, A, Nichols, DE and Halberstadt, AL (2017) Return of the lysergamides. Part III: Analytical characterization of N6-ethyl-6-norlysergic acid diethylamide (ETH-LAD) and 1-propionyl ETH-LAD (1P-ETH-LAD). Drug Testing and Analysis. ISSN 1942-7611
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DTA-17-0059.R1_accepted_uncorrected.pdf - Accepted Version Download (1MB) | Preview |
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Supporting_Info_ETH-LADs.pdf - Supplemental Material Download (4MB) | Preview |
Abstract
The psychoactive properties of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) have fascinated scientists across disciplines and the exploration of other analogs and derivatives has been motivated by deepening the understanding of ligand-receptor interactions at the molecular level as well as by the search for new therapeutics. Several LSD congeners have appeared on the new psychoactive substances (NPS) market in the form of blotters or powders. Examples include 1-propionyl-LSD (1P-LSD), AL-LAD and LSZ. The absence of analytical data for novel compounds is a frequent challenge encountered in clinical and toxicological investigations. Two newly emerging lysergamides N6-ethyl-6-norlysergic acid diethylamide (ETH-LAD) and 1P-ETH-LAD were characterized by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS), low and high mass accuracy electrospray MS(/MS), GC solid-state infrared analysis, high performance liquid chromatography diode array detection as well as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Limited analytical data for ETH-LAD were previously available, whereas information about 1P-ETH-LAD has not previously been encountered in scientific literature. This study extends the characterization of lysergamides distributed on the NPS market, which will help to make analytical data available to clinicians, toxicologists and other stakeholders who are likely to encounter these substances. The analysis of a test incubation of 1P-ETH-LAD with human serum at 37°C by LC single quadrupole MS at various time points (0–6 h, once per hour and one measurement after 24 h) revealed the formation of ETH-LAD, suggesting that 1P-ETH-LAD might serve as a pro-drug. 1P-ETH-LAD was still detectable in serum after 24 h.
| Item Type: | Article |
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| Additional Information: | This is the accepted version of the following article: Brandt, S. D., Kavanagh, P. V., Westphal, F., Elliott, S. P., Wallach, J., Stratford, A., Nichols, D. E., and Halberstadt, A. L. (2017) Return of the lysergamides. Part III: Analytical characterization of N6-ethyl-6-norlysergic acid diethylamide (ETH-LAD) and 1-propionyl ETH-LAD (1P–ETH-LAD). Drug Test. Analysis, doi: 10.1002/dta.2196, which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dta.2196 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | 0301 Analytical Chemistry, 1115 Pharmacology And Pharmaceutical Sciences |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology |
| Divisions: | Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences |
| Publisher: | Wiley |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Mar 2017 11:02 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Sep 2021 11:47 |
| DOI or ID number: | 10.1002/dta.2196 |
| URI: | https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/6073 |
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