Abdulredha, M, Al Khaddar, RM, Jordan, D, Kot, P, Abdulridha, A and Hashim, KS (2018) Estimating solid waste generation by hospitality industry during major festivals: a quantification model based on multiple regression. Waste Management. ISSN 0956-053X

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Abstract

Mega-religious festivals hosted in the city of Kerbala, Iraq, annually generate huge quantities of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) which negatively impacts the environment and human health when poorly managed. The hospitality sector, specifically hotels, is one of the major sources of MSW generated during these festivals. Because it is essential to establish a proper waste management system for such festivals, accurate information regarding MSW generation is required. This study therefore investigated the rate of production of MSW from hotels in Kerbala during mega festivals. A field questionnaire survey was conducted with 150 hotels during the Arba’een festival, one of the largest festivals in the world, attended by about 18 million participants, to identify how much MSW is produced and what features of hotels impact on this. Hotel managers responded to questions regarding features of the hotel such as size (Hs), expenditure (Hex), area (Ha) and number of staff (Hst). An on-site audit was also carried out with all participated hotels to estimate the mass of MSW generated from these hotels. The results indicate that MSW produced by hotels varies widely. In general, it was found that each hotel guest produces an estimated 0.89 kg of MSW per day. However, this figure varies according to the hotels’ rating. Average rates of MSW production from two and five star hotels were 0.83 and 1.22 kg per guest per day, respectively. Statistically, it was found that the relationship between MSW production and hotel features can be modelled with an R2 of 0.799, where the influence of hotel feature on MSW production followed the order Hs > Hex > Hst.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	0907 Environmental Engineering
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
Divisions:	Civil Engineering (merged with Built Env 10 Aug 20)
Publisher:	Elsevier
Date Deposited:	27 Apr 2018 11:05
Last Modified:	04 Sep 2021 10:32
DOI or ID number:	10.1016/j.wasman.2018.04.025
URI:	https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/8592

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