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Sakellariou, GK, Lightfoot, AP, Earl, KE, Stofanko, M and McDonagh, B (2017) Redox homeostasis and age-related deficits in neuromuscular integrity and function. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, 8 (6). pp. 881-906. ISSN 2190-5991
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Redox homeostasis and age-related deficits in neuromuscular integrity and function.pdf - Published Version Available under License Creative Commons Attribution. Download (863kB) | Preview |
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a major site of metabolic activity and is the most abundant tissue in the human body. Age-related muscle atrophy (sarcopenia) and weakness, characterized by progressive loss of lean muscle mass and function, is a major contributor to morbidity and has a profound effect on the quality of life of older people. With a continuously growing older population (estimated 2 billion of people aged >60 by 2050), demand for medical and social care due to functional deficits, associated with neuromuscular ageing, will inevitably increase. Despite the importance of this ‘epidemic’ problem, the primary biochemical and molecular mechanisms underlying age-related deficits in neuromuscular integrity and function have not been fully determined. Skeletal muscle generates reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) from a variety of subcellular sources, and age-associated oxidative damage has been suggested to be a major factor contributing to the initiation and progression of muscle atrophy inherent with ageing. RONS can modulate a variety of intracellular signal transduction processes, and disruption of these events over time due to altered redox control has been proposed as an underlying mechanism of ageing. The role of oxidants in ageing has been extensively examined in different model organisms that have undergone genetic manipulations with inconsistent findings. Transgenic and knockout rodent studies have provided insight into the function of RONS regulatory systems in neuromuscular ageing. This review summarizes almost 30 years of research in the field of redox homeostasis and muscle ageing, providing a detailed discussion of the experimental approaches that have been undertaken in murine models to examine the role of redox regulation in age-related muscle atrophy and weakness.
| Item Type: | Article |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Muscle, Skeletal; Motor Neurons; Neuromuscular Junction; Mitochondria; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Humans; Reactive Nitrogen Species; Reactive Oxygen Species; Antioxidants; Organ Size; Models, Animal; Age Factors; Signal Transduction; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Oxidation-Reduction; Aging; Homeostasis; Frailty; Mitochondria; Motor neurons; Neuromuscular junction; Redox signalling; Superoxide dismutase; Age Factors; Aging; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Antioxidants; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Homeostasis; Humans; Mitochondria; Models, Animal; Motor Neurons; Muscle, Skeletal; Neuromuscular Junction; Organ Size; Oxidation-Reduction; Reactive Nitrogen Species; Reactive Oxygen Species; Signal Transduction; 0606 Physiology; 1103 Clinical Sciences; 1106 Human Movement and Sports Sciences |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology |
| Divisions: | Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences |
| Publisher: | Wiley Open Access |
| SWORD Depositor: | A Symplectic |
| Date Deposited: | 13 May 2022 08:57 |
| Last Modified: | 13 May 2022 08:57 |
| DOI or ID number: | 10.1002/jcsm.12223 |
| URI: | https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/16840 |
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